Bitcoin Forum

What will happen if all 21 Million BTC are mined? Or 20.999.999....

Who confirms transactions then?
How high will be fees?
Where they put the transactions? They have to find a new block for this as far as I know.

Would be nice if someone could explain this.

right now exist a fee market, the transactions well be done with a fee that depends of supply and demand.

You should not be worried about this because you are probably not going to be alive when all bitcoins would be mined. it has been created in order to have all of them mined by 2120, so there is no way that you could be alive to see all bitcoins being mined like crazy.
But i dont think that it is going to be bad for it, well, we dont even know if bitcoin will still be online in some years, so who knows about that? it is too soon to talk about that.

I'm not sure it works exactly like that. I think miners have two incentives from supporting the network right now. One is to discover new blocks and get the reward from it, and the other is collecting the fees from the transactions. I think transactions fees will still be collected by miners even if all bitcoins are mined. So the question actually is, will the fees alone be enough for the miners to keep providing their service.

To be honest I think there will be no problem at all. First that will only happen in more than 100 years from now, so two things probably happened by then. One, is that mining hardware have evolved enough, and it's not so costly tu support the network, second, bitcoin price is so high that the fees are more than enough to keep them active.

As far as I understand from the information I read, if the entire Bitcoin calculated to be 21 Million is enamelled, the Bitcoin block award for the Bitcoin miners will be reduced to zero. In 2140, 21 million Bitcoin limit is estimated to be reached. After 2140, miners will be rewarded only with transaction fees for their approval transactions. I think the transaction fees will be low if the number of Bitcoin users is reached too much. This means that transaction fees will never be zero.

The miners will get money from transaction fees you say. But to confirm a transaction they have to put it into a new block. But when all Bitcoins are mined they wont find new blocks. So where do they put the transaction in?

I lean toward this assessment as being the case in the future as well.  If Bitcoin survives that long, the fees will be more than enough to incentivize miners to keep the network secure. Also, the current amount of hash rate securing the network is actually quite excessive, so in the future you only need enough to make it cost prohibitive to keep the attackers at bay. Anyway, as been mentioned, I doubt many of us will still be here in 100 years to worry about it and with 100 years worth of forks in between, it's hard to even imagine what Bitcoin would even look like by then.

Mining will need to continue in order to confirm transactions. Miners will still need to be paid so their payment will need to come solely from fees. You can imagine that fees will need to be higher than they are now but it will be a gradual process as mining gets harder. It will probably be the end of the century before all Bitcoins are mined so we won’t be around to see that happen anyway.

As much as I understand it, nothing that much will change. Original block miners will still be getting transaction fees and the tx confirmations will be going on just as they are going on now. But as someone said already, we'll all probably be dead by now. So at all, they'll probably compete to mine as much bitcoins as they can so they collect more from the fees.

This has been asked for a million times and already answered many time, please next time use search engines to find your answer. The simple answer here is:
if 21 millions of bitcoin already mined miner will get bitcoin via transaction fee on processing transactions. I do not think that 21 million will be easily done, there is a chart of how much bitcoin per year will be generated (i think it was just an explanation ).

You shouldn't actually worried about what would happen when all bitcoins are mined.
You won't be alive at that time most probably as that shouldn't happen before the 22nd century.

As all coins would be mined, miners earnings will depend solely on the transaction fees.
I can't tell how much fees would be at that time because theoretically if things go as we want, bitcoin will be the main currency used by humans so fees won't be compared to USD.


Still in blocks in the blockchain of course but there won't be rewards for finding blocks.

if bitcoin runs out in the mine I think it's going to run as it is today and with a high bitcoin price if the cost depends on the bitcoin price later and we do not need to worry too much now, I think we're in heaven if bitcoin runs out. ;D ;D ;D

Only 2 things will happen after bitcoin have reach the 21 million. (1) There will a huge increase in price of bitcoin because bitcoin will be like diamond that time. (2) There be some sort of high transaction network fee because miner will only rely on the network transaction fee.

Nothing will happen if 21 million Bitcoins are already mined but coins will continue to circulate around the world. Though coins cannot be used anymore if the owner ever lost his wallet and that's why Bitcoin value will continue to in demand because owners and investors are keeping their coins and today only less than half of coins that's been circulated are locked down in the wallets and the time they're gonna spend it is unknown.

Nothing will happen if 21 million Bitcoins are as of now mined yet coins will keep on circulating far and wide. Despite the fact that coins can't be utilized any longer if the proprietor at any point lost his wallet and that is the reason Bitcoin esteem will keep on popular on the grounds that proprietors and financial specialists are keeping their coins and today just not as much as half of coins that has been circled are secured down in the wallets and the time they're going to spend it is obscure

After the complete mining of 21 million bitcoins, the bitcoins will start developing more since their number will bow be fixed now the bitcoins will increase in price tremendously, since now supply willbe exhausted people will have to pay more bucks to own it...
They may reach millions easily at that time its not impossible at all, with high price you will have to pay high transaction fees then again forks will come more frequently then because now they will aim at making better right now the focus is divided between making it better and between producing them whatever happens it will be very beneficial for people who are holding bitcoins.

The last bitcoin will never be mined. This is because the difficulty goes up exponentially, while the hashing power is limited. This was made on purpose, for the bitcoin hashing network to be forever active and the network fees to decrease. The bitcoin creator was very smart, he knew with 20-30 years in advance the bitcoin price evolution.

Bitcoin already lost some hundreds thousands in this time if we are calkculating all of the bitcoin that lost due to the various reasons. The miner still run the nodes but they will not receive the more bitcoin reward from the block again. They will depend on the transaction fees to keep their nodes still run to secure the network of the bitcoin itself.
No reward in every block, that means the bitcoin arleady reached the total supply.

If 21 Milllion BTC were all mined. Then the price could go either go up or go down, but the main fact about this is, it will happened after a hundred years. I am running 40yrs old, I dont think I am still alive by that time.

Quoting myself:

https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2164199.msg23368481#msg23368481

Yes, I agree with you. I also don't know what happen when all bitcoin is mined. I think we should focus on trading now to earn money instead take care which has not happened yet! :D

Once all the 21 million bitcoins are mined then there will not be any more bitcoins and the miners will have to depend on the transaction fees, they might either raise the transaction fees to sustain their financial stability, and when all the bitcoins are mined the whole world will be using bitcoins as the main medium of exchange which will increase of bitcoins as the transaction fees will also increase accordingly. If the block size increases then the transactions can done will low fees and when block size increases and reaches the maximum size then there will not be any more bitcoins unless and until a new block to be created for more bitcoins.

Please stop posting garbage. Under the current network rules in place there will already be more blocks generated even after the 21 million coins have been mine. The coinbase will be 0, but the fees would still be there.

no more BTC, its mean BTC price will go to the moon, that will make u rich if u have many BTC when that moment comes
i also read, i know where. say "bitcoin production can added if half or more users agree with it

if? don't you mean when*?

All 21,000,000 Bitcoin *will* be mined at some point after the year 2100... according to current calculations. However, quantum computing could make it happen much faster.

wow i did not realize that the full amount of mined bitcoin would take so long.
I suppose when they are all mined the miners will continue to confirm transactions for the fees,
But who knows how much those fees will be?

I think it is not easy to min all 21 bitcoin at least for now. 2 factors affect mining bitcoin. Firstly, bitcoin is hard to min, it is need a strong system and strong financial to handle it. Secondly, many government ban bitcoin and it is really hard to works everything out. In some countries, government ban bitcoin negatively and you would go to the jail if you do any bitcoin stuff, or some countries, the weather is one of the factors made mining bitcoin is really hard. 21 million bitcoin will be mined one day but it will be in a far future.

If bitcoins have been mined properly, there will be no new bitcoins. But there is only one way to get bitcoin back again, given the system changes in the protocol to increase the digital bitcoin return back to the standard one step ahead of gold, because if no changes to the bitcoin protocol will no longer exist. coupled with the shortcomings of all this will be confirmed by the miners.

Less miners, more fees, more demand, less supply. BTC price goes up like it always does.

For all bitcoins to be mined in the blockchain it would take 100+ years from now for all of the remaining bitcoins to be mined. Miners would just confirm some transactions without getting some reward from mining the block. it's still the same but, with no rewards for every block.

I don't know and i don't really sure what's actually wil happen, but i thought you shouldn't need to worried about that because when that happen i don't think you still allive my prediction it'll be happen around 2080 or maybe 2100 but i don't think that's will going to be baf for it well. I actually just don't know. Maybe the prices will going high and when that time btc prices is be stable, the fees will be increased, less miners and other.

As far as I know, already 16 million bitcoins in turnover, so that up to 21 to wait is not so long. But I don't think that the system will change much - the remuneration to the miners will also be high because the price of bitcoin will be high

i think, the dev team who made this bitcoin have thinking it. every possible vuln and every single thing that will attack em.
so, they make a new system when all the block has been mined, in my opinion the system will move from PoW  to another like PoS or any , and the miner still work but just for confirm transaction not for minted block.
because when all the block is mined, automatically miner is done and will be gone, for simply its unused
Correct Me If I Wrong

Consider what things do so long, have a long time, the development of Bitcoin has just begun, the value will be higher and higher.

I guess it would be the case that transaction fees would (theoretically) rise, once all BTC are mined?

Bitcoin has already seen massive hikes in price in just the past few months. While no one is entirely sure how Bitcoin will continue to spread to the larger financial world, it seems likely that a limited supply of the currency may cause prices to continue to increase. There are also stockpiles of inactive coins that are held around the world, the largest supply of which belongs to the person or group who founded Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto. Perhaps this supply, consisting of roughly one million Bitcoins, is intentionally being saved for a time when the global supply is facing increased levels of demand.

that's right, it doesn't matter if all bitcoin mined at what will happen next after bitcoin all mined. on that year (2120) we all not alive to know what will exactly happens on that date, but im sure before that date, bitcoin are already implemented/accepted in the whole globe and using as a legal digital currency/assets to spend wherever you are.

I think the price of the bitcoin will be more expensive because they get the max number of bitcoin. They will also give a high fee im every transaction that will be made.

It is also difficult to build some assumptions because the blocks that are being built grow with time. This can cause very low rates - payments for transfers within the system. If the cost of one transaction is very low and a large number of people and equipment participate in the construction of blocks, the possible earnings may be too small, but the miners will still have to deal with operations.

On the other hand, the blocks theoretically can reach their maximum size, as a result of which they will not fit all the ongoing transactions. Then the surplus operations will be removed from the network, and each of them will be worth more and more. This scenario is very tempting for miners, as they can get very serious profits, but it is unpleasant for ordinary users, because they then have to pay a lot of money to make each operation in the block so that their transfer is not superfluous.

The total limited number of Bitcoin will somehow lead eventually to a lack of reward for searching and composing blocks. When all 21 million coins are mined, their number will not increase, although the demand for them is likely to continue to grow. Operations in the system will continue to occur, regardless of how many participants in the system will be, these operations will require confirmation and, most likely, users will have to pay to them for miners who simply continue to calculate the blocks on their old equipment.

Of course, the miners in such a scenario can stay afloat only if the price of one Bitcoin retains the current trend and will continue to grow. However, with a high probability, we can say that with any outcome and any events inside the system, users will have the opportunity to earn money, to use the available equipment for their intended purpose. Farms, computers, ASIC-devices will lose their relevance only in the event that the entire Bitcoin ceases to exist, which in the foreseeable future is most likely not worth it

Makes sense, I am not aware how much bitcoin supply is available for mining. If that's the case, we won't be alive if all bitcoin will be mined in the future and we can't even speculate what might happen if all bitcoins are mined. Maybe developers or who ever it is will do something if ever all bitcoins are mined.

Just mining the fees will be sufficient for miners to profit even now.
In the future with more adoption, the fees maybe even higher.
Maybe sometime in the future the fee in a block will exceed 50 coins.

yeah the reward is only the fee. it was good news that we have to know that bitcoin will be grow countiniuously as long as possible.
the more people will join and invest in it the more bitcoin will fast to grow.

Price will probably go up if it becomes popular and accepted by the communities.