Bitcoin Forum

Hello, I´d like to get deeper privacy on fullnodes.
Which kind of information we can obtain being an active fullnode?

Let me start with a counter question: what are you trying to accomplish? If you want to run a full node to log IP addresses of connected nodes, that is unethical to say the least.

Your question seems correct and timely, but I only want the information about the bitcoins' privacy because I'm doing a study about it for my thesis.

It would be a good start if you share what you've found so far. After all, you'll have to write your own thesis.

Satoshi's whitepaper (https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) is a good start. It may also help to look at Bitcoin as "electronic cash", but with a permanent ledger that keeps track of all transactions. If one entity knows a transaction belongs to you, he may be able to link other transactions too. If you want to be sure no node can link any transaction you broadcast to your IP addresses, you can use Tor or a VPN.

The same info you'd get from any block explorer: transactions, blocks, etc.
Plus  IP addresses of connected peers.

What exactly are you searching for?
A lot of information can be found on the internet.

Xynerise already has mentioned which information can be obtained from a full node.

But if you are looking for a deeper insight into the privacy of bitcoin you might read this for the pros of core regarding privacy: https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-core/features/privacy (https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-core/features/privacy).
Or this as a general article about privacy/anonymity of bitcoin: https://www.coindesk.com/anonymous-bitcoin-backgrounder-policymakers/ (https://www.coindesk.com/anonymous-bitcoin-backgrounder-policymakers/)