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First let us all know what is a node?

NODE

A node (Latin nodus, ‘knot’) is either a redistribution point or a communication endpoint. The definition of a node depends on the network and protocol layer referred to. A physical network node is an active electronic device that is attached to a network, and is capable of creating, receiving, or transmitting information over a communications channel. A passive distribution point such as a distribution frame or patch panel is consequently not a node. The computer is the most the common node and is often called the computer node or internet node.
Nodes within a computer network must have some form of identification, like an IP address or MAC address, for it to be recognized by other network devices. A node without this information, or one that has been taken offline, no longer functions as a node.
Node can also refer to a leaf, which is a folder or file on your hard disk. In physics, a node, or nodal point, is a point of minimum displacement or where multiple waves converge, creating a net amplitude of zero.

FULL NODE

Full nodes are the computers that fully implement all the core consensus rules of the cryptocurrency network by using the code as programmed in the associated full node software of the blockchain.
Full node is a program that fully validates transactions and blocks. Almost all full nodes also help the network by accepting transactions and blocks from other full nodes, validating those transactions and blocks, and then relaying them to further full nodes.
Most full nodes also serve lightweight clients by allowing them to transmit their transactions to the network and by notifying them when a transaction affects their wallet. If not enough nodes perform this function, clients won’t be able to connect through the peer-to-peer network—they’ll have to use centralized services instead.

IMPORTANCE

If you run a full node you strengthen the network and ensure the consensus of the protocol.
When you run a full node in listening mode you become a peer on the peer to peer network. You share block data with other peers, and validate anything you receive.
If your node rejects a block it received, then it doesn't share that rejected block with other nodes, and you (temporarily initially) block the node that sent it to you. When a majority of nodes agree on the validation rules, then any block built to different rules will not propagate, and the node that sent it, will have trouble broadcasting any more blocks to the network.

WHY YOU SHOULD RUN ON FULL NODE

HELPS THE NETWORK
Running your own full node is the only way to have full control and to ensure that all the rules of Bitcoin are being followed. Nodes do this by rejecting blocks and transactions that don’t follow the consensus rules and by rejecting connections from peers that send them (or too many of them).
KEEPS YOU SAFE
Running any kind of Bitcoin wallet that does not require you to run a full node means that you have to place a certain degree of trust in the service provider, something that shouldn’t be necessary with Bitcoin.
ALLOWS YOU TO CHOOSE
In the possible event of a hard fork where both blockchains remain active with economic activity on each side like the one in Ethereum/Ethereum Classic, running a full node is the only way you can validate the rules of the new or old blockchain, according to your preference. If you don’t run a full node, your opinion will not be considered and you will simply follow the blockchain that is given to you.
GIVES YOU A HIGHER DEGREE OF PRIVACY
Using a centralized, lightweight or even SPV wallet will never be as private as running a full node. Since you rely on third-party servers to broadcast your transactions for you, those servers will be aware of which addresses belong to you.
IT’S NOT THAT HARD
To less than tech-savvy users, running a full node may seem like a challenge. However, running a Bitcoin core full node is nothing more than simply downloading the latest Bitcoin core client version and running it.
IT’S NOT THAT EXPENSIVE
Running a node will require you to keep your computer on at all times – or at least for the majority of the day. While you can always turn your node on and off at will with this option, it is not a very practical one. Many users decide not to host their nodes locally on a physical computer, but rather on a rented virtual server.

LIGHTWEIGHT NODE

A light Node does not download the complete blockchain. Instead, it downloads the block headers only to validate the authenticity of the transactions. Because of this reason light nodes are easy to maintain and run. Lightweight nodes use a method called Simplified payment verification (SPV) to verify transactions. SPV allows a node to verify if a transaction has been included in a block, without having to download the entire blockchain. With SPV, full nodes serve lightweight nodes by allowing them to connect and transmit their transactions to the network, and will notify them when a transaction affects them. A lightweight node need only download the headers of all blocks on the blockchain, which means that download and storage requirements are significantly less intensive than that of a full node.
Lightweight nodes are served by full nodes to connect to the Bitcoin network. They are effectively dependent on the full nodes to function.

IMPORTANCE

Light nodes allow for easy access – many are mobile apps – and make everyday blockchain usage possible. The continued development of light node applications will be integral to achieving widespread blockchain adoption.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/full-node.asp
https://www.lifewire.com/what-is-a-node-4155598
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node_(networking)
https://techterms.com/definition/node
https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/7tshdl/what_is_the_importance_of_running_a_full_node/
https://www.mycryptopedia.com/full-node-lightweight-node/

Bitcoin Forum

Other => Beginners & Help => Topic started by: Utoy101 on August 27, 2018, 02:01:37 PM