We have a expression that says "you circle the bite around your head before eating it". That's what PoM looks like to me. In PoM there is still a need to perform expensive computation but needs more memory, it still runs on hardware that is consuming energy and when the number of miners grows the energy consumption grows with it.

That's not to mention that fundamental of this whole this is wrong since you are assuming that "PoW needs a second life".

That's mostly about printing money in my opinion. We suffer from the same problem, the previous administration printed so much money that it still is causing inflation even though for the past 10 months the new administration hasn't printed anything.

There is definitely a very interesting domino effect we are witnessing these days where governments fall one after the other. I'm mostly wondering about who is going to replace Boris the hairdo since he is the victim of Brexit where they thought they could exit EU to avoid the damage to UK economy while EU got weaker, then come back as the saviors.

All statistics are inaccurate one way or another, the reality doesn't change though. The facts are:
- There are kids in US schools shooting each other
- Gun violence is the leading the leading cause of death among children in US, more than cancer.
- The gun violence in general is spread to all states and it is increasing each year
- The number of children with firearm injuries is also increasing every year.
According to CDC it used to be between 4 to 8 per day between 2006 and 2016, whether it is 44 or 21.8 per day now is just details.

It's the same with homelessness in UK. Whatever the real number is, the fact that it has been increasing rapidly this year doesn't change.

I think you are reading too much into this, "We" is the term that is commonly used in papers to refer to self. It doesn't necessarily have to be a group of people. Of course English is my second language but from hundreds of scientific papers that I've read, I don't remember ever seeing someone use "I".

There is no doubt that the pharmaceutical industry has turned into a dirty business that feeds on people being sick, they sometimes even create the sicknesses but that doesn't mean everything you hear about alternative methods are true. For example in this case how do you even know that this doctor has found a "cure" and how do you even know that it works?

How can bitcoin help?
Bitcoin can always be used as a global fund raising currency. It has already been used for many charitable things like helping Ukraine war-struck people. But they first have to prove honesty, it's not like people are going to hand over their money to anyone that makes random claims.

Yes, Ledger uses BIP39 for its seed generation which is supported by most wallets including Electrum so you should be able to easily recover your keys with them. You may have to specify the derivation path or the key/address type that your wallet used since BIP39 seed phrases don't have that information in them.

P.S. Security-wise it is always a better idea to create a new wallet/seed instead of reusing a seed created by another tool like your old hardware wallet, specially if you have sold that device.

It's almost a decade for me (~8 years).

Bitcoin, as an innovation, has always interested me and I've also always been interested in programming which I believe has helped me a lot. I started learning slowly and from the very basics; simple things like creating a wallet, setting fees, etc. Then slowly learnt about the details such as how transactions worked, their parts and what each of them meant, scripts, mining, ... then I started on understanding cryptography that included hashes, elliptic curve cryptography, encryption, etc.
I'd say it's all a passion, so those who have it will progress the same way in my opinion and those who don't will give up mid way since this is a hard and long journey.

I disagree, because on public forums (bitcointalk, reddit, even twitter) you and the PoS advocate are not alone, a lot of newbies are reading the misinformation that the PoS advocate is spreading so their lies have to be challenged.
It's the same with SegWit, even today we are seeing people who are confused about how SegWit transactions work if they "remove" the signature just because in 2017 someone gave them wrong information about signatures being removed.

This just reminded me of some sad statistics: "Each day 12 children die from gun violence in America. Another 32 are shot and injured". In other words every 21 days there are more child casualties in USA compared to total number of child casualties in a decade inside war-zones like Syria (900 in 11 years!).
No wonder the reverse migration is on the rise.

Yes, because that is the closest we can get to another currency that lost its value hard and fast otherwise if you want to see weakening purchase power you can use any other currency you like like "dollar or yen"  but in most other cases this loss has a slow pace which can be seen as inflation rate and if you want to know the real value of currencies you have to look at price of groceries, utility bills, rent, etc. which is obviously rising against all fiat currencies at all times, sometimes slower and sometimes faster.

Countries that are producing their own needs usually have lower prices, for example gas here is worth about $0.04 per liter but the price itself is not important the rise is. What the fuel price rise does is that it increases production cost for almost everything.
For example when diesel and gas prices rise, the farmer would have to spend more money to run their combines, tractors,... and the trucks that transport their goods to consumers would also have increased cost. That means food prices would go up a lot too.

This is partly why the inflation is still on the rise and both US and EU are reporting decades high rates. As Gentiloni, the European Commissioner for Economy, recently said the economy is weakening and the inflationary pressure still remains strong. Food prices, although the market calmed down a bit, are still 30% higher compared to last year, and are expected to rise more. This is while wages have not gone up nearly as much and unemployment is on the rise, this is despite the growth happening after the relaxation of containment measures.

Both bold parts are wrong.
USD is dumping very hard itself, which you can clearly see if you compare it with price of goods in US (gas, diesel, groceries, rent,... are all soaring fast).

The only major thing that happened recently was EUR and GBP dumping fast (about 5%) which brought their exchange rate down against US dollar faster.


Other major currencies like CNY, RUB, JPY, WON,... still have more or less the same exchange rate against USD.

It doesn't have to be temporary for it to be a fire sale. For example when price was $200 back in 2015, it stayed there for a long time and we even had a big drop down to $150 (-25%) but I don't think you can find anybody who wouldn't call $200 a fire sale!
It was repeated at $3000 and now it is repeating at $20000

Transactions are relayed through the network and eventually reach the node that the miner uses (in other words you don't directly send your transaction to the miner, you send it to node A that sends it to node B that sends it to ... and eventually sends it to Node X that the miner connects to). So anybody in this process is getting the transaction and can modify it before relaying it to the other node.

Obviously as you may have already guessed, only one of these transactions could be confirmed. One problem could have been if the sender was watching the transaction ID of the first tx they'd sent themselves but was replaced by a modified tx with a different ID when it reached the miner. If the second tx confirmed the first one never would so the sender could be fooled into thinking that the receiver hasn't received the funds and send them again.
This is simply solved if the sender watches the mempool and sees the modified tx or their own inputs/balance and obviously solved by the fact that the modified transaction is non-standard and won't propagate.

I wonder if it is only the drop that led you to this conclusion (not both rise and falls) and whether you would have said the same if price had kept going up (increased purchase power).
Because if it's just because of sudden big drops, then a lot of other currencies in the world are not currencies considering they too dump a lot. For example a couple of years ago the Venezuela's bolívar kept dumping every day, you could wake up every morning to see your purchase power has decreased or euro which got dumped hard recently. People using those currencies lost their purchase power even though they still call these things "currency".

You can't practically perform any of the cases and create a duplicate valid transaction simply because all of the possible cases that are outlined in BIP62 are prohibited through the enforcement of standard rules. What SegWit did was to enforce some of those rules as part of the consensus rules.
In simple terms when you broadcast the modified transaction, any full node receiving it will reject it as non-standard.

What exactly are you looking for, a walkthrough or an example?
The simplest way would to take a transaction spending a P2PKH output and injecting an arbitrary message at the beginning of its signature script.

As long as PayPal exists which is a million times safer than Tether and is just as centralized, nobody is going to "use" Tether. Your mistake is that you think a centralized token is in the same category as bitcoin but when you realize that the category is completely different then you can compare Tether with other solutions in its own category, namely PayPal (and others like it).

The only usage Tether and similar centralized shitcoins have these days is for traders who want to escape the crashing market using something they think is not going to fall and doesn't need additional KYC. This is why Tether is so popular among altcoin traders.

That definition would fall apart the moment bitcoin price becomes stable which it would eventually, because by that time there won't be any reason left to "HODL" something that won't go up anymore which would make bitcoin useless and consequently worthless in an instant.

Now imagine that a portion of your paycheck like $500 were in another currency called bitcoin, at $70k you were being paid 0.0071BTC but now at $20k you would be getting paid 0.025BTC. Not only your purchasing power is the same when you spend that "currency" that month but anything you put aside as savings would appreciate in time.

Diesel price rise is the next problem that farmers have to deal with which would decrease production leading to shortage and even more increased prices. It's not just gas prices that go up specially in US that is currently averaging at $5.14 the Diesel price is soaring and has gone up 57% over the past couple of months.


This doesn't just affect crops, it affects livestock too which we can clearly see in the increase meat prices in the West.

P.S. Speaking of US what is going on with the series of fires in food industry facilities all over America? There has been over 100 of them in the past year and they are only increasing in numbers. It's not just that, there are increasing number of fires in energy industry facilities too! The most recent one was in Oklahoma (5 days ago) which was so big that caused a 1.74 magnitude earthquake.

Two of 4 wallets the article mentioned are unknown, I can't even find any wallet called "Billion" and "Stash" seems shady to me.
The first problem that stands out in BIP47 to me is the need for an initial transaction between the two parties to get things started which also adds overhead (costs more fees). This "notification transaction" also leaks the payment code and blockchain analysis companies would love to mark everything they can link with such transactions as "tainted".

I feel like with introduction of side-chains, proposals like BIP47 are somewhat moot. You could do all the communication and even the fund transfer through a different channel using other layers or side-chains.