Depends on what's indicated by the script, to check, use the JSON object result from 'getrawtransaction':

Check if it has "reqSigs", that's the number of required signature in order to spend that output.
If '1' and there are two addresses, then either one of those.

Or if there's no "reqSigs"(in some non-standard p2ms scripts), check the output's "asm": The first digit separated by space is the required signature, then the public key(s), the digit after another space indicates how many public keys are included.

That signing and verification works the same way as "digital signature scheme": read wikipedia (or just check the image)
Alice needs to include her public key and signature to the "RAW transaction" (will be Signed RAW transaction) before it can be broadcast to the network.
As explained in the image, it's the only information every node needs in order to verify if it's really the correct private key that signed the transaction.

BTW, Bob (the receiver) doesn't have to do anything in that transaction but to wait for his wallet/node's mempool to receive the transaction from his peers after Alice broadcast it.
After it got accepted by his node, it will be displayed as "unconfirmed transaction" (he can already spend it depending on the client/settings)
After it got accepted by a mining node and got included to a new block, they will relay it to their peers and will eventually reach Alice and Bob' nodes.
After being accepted by their nodes and verified that it's valid, the unconfirmed transaction will be deleted from their mempool and the wallet will display it as "1 confirmation".

It wasn't supposed to be funny but the 'banana analogy' made me laugh :D

Then, the issue are the unclear words and he still have the paper where the seed was written?

If that's the case, just compare each word with the most similar word from this list: BIP39 Word List
Take note of the possible number of characters and similar letters.

That's how "trustless" works, nodes don't trust other peers and must validate each transaction and blocks before accepting/relaying it to others.

No, it can only have the coinbase transaction (mining reward) and still be valid.

Based from what I understand, it's still on-topic about the paragraph's title "backward compatibility" and talking about "wallets of/connected to non-upgraded nodes".
It used "wallets", so not just Bitcoin Core but including other clients that might misread witness data because:

'think this quote is enough?

FYI, that's a valid Bitcoin address.
It's a bech32 SegWit address and currently have 6.9BTC balance: https://www.blockchain.com/btc/address/bc1qcygs9dl4pqw6atc4yqudrzd76p3r9cp6xp2kny

Sadly the above reply is true, you've been scammed.

Use "twice" was clearly explained as 1 time for receiving and 1 more time for sending, and never use it again.
Sending 1BTC from a 2BTC UTXO won't leave a new UTXO to the same address unless the client doesn't support "change address" or the user disables it.
Let me rephrase it: "if he did exactly 'that', he will gain more privacy"; so, if a user do the one in your scenario, he'll gain the opposite.

---

@fabbit That part must be relying on your understanding of the previous parts that states: when receiving, it's the hash of the public key that has to be included in the transaction and not the public key.
But yeah, "public key twice" is kinda wrong term to use for that "twice thing". Maybe it was written in consideration of P2PK script?

Perhaps someone may consider following this:

From which article?
It must have something to do with future protocol changes.
Because somewhere in the future, bitcoin might stop standardizing transactions with timelock or OP_CLTV scripts.

If that's the case, it's still applicable.

They won't wait for those transaction to get included in a block in order to "know" them.
The transactions from the orphaned block that weren't included to the latest block(s) of the longest will be added to their mempool again.

The book: Mastering bitcoin used the term "queued up again" that lightly indicates that the node will move them from the orphaned block back to mempool.

If you want to use 'bitcoin-qt' instead of 'bitcoind' for some reason, add server=1 to your bitcoin.conf file from the default data directory.
Create a new file and rename it including the extension if don't have one.

"-rxboost" maybe?
It suggest you to add both to the start-up parameter.

No if those are identical and both aren't defective.
In your (nhml) Nicehash's Settings->Devices/Algorithm tab, Select GPU1-2, Check/Highlight the Algo and add -rxboost 1 -strap 1 to "Extra Launch Parameters", then save.

P.S. You're not mining Bitcoin, you're renting your hashrate and being payed with bitcoins.

Yes by protocol, it has always been possible to send to multiple outputs.
For Bitcoin core, click + Add Recipient below the Send tab window to add another send-to-address field.

For Electrum (desktop), click "Tools->Pay to many" to be able to add more addresses as recipient (follow the format on BitMaxz' screenshot).
The default send tab wont let you.
Electrum will send all of the remaining spendable/unfrozen inputs to the address if you use '!' as amount.

Just make them connect to specific nodes instead of blocking them from your other nodes.
Add connect="node" (one line per node) to the RPis node's config file.
By using "connect", your node will not connect to other nodes other than the ones you listed.

For transactions, you can use the RPC command -getrawtransaction "TXID" true for any transaction as long as you add -txindex in the config which will require additional space.
You might also need to add/start with -reindex if it's the first time you start with txindex.

For addresses' balance, you need something like the above posts.

It can't be the RAM, CPU and BitcoinCore 0.19.0.1 because most of the users doesn't experience that freezing issue.
See, it's at 100% but it it's only at 1-2 MBps (that's the max performance).

How about the USB port where it is connected?
If you plug it in a USB2.0 port, it wont use the USB3.0 bandwidth.

That might be the issue, any 100% process usually causes those 'freezing' that still running in the background because it's on its limits and the process is demanding "more''.
Based from the spec, your Rig can handle BitcoinCore even with higher dbcache.

The External HDD must be the bottleneck, specially if it's connected to a USB2.0 port instead of USB3.0, the HDD speed won't matter much for the former.
Check the External HDD's (or enclosure/adapter) specs if it's USB3.0 (usually blue) and the port where it is plugged.

What is your previous version before upgrading and can you post your W10 PC's specs?
You may also check your 'Task Manager' if your CPU, Memory and Disk process is at 100% during BitcoinCore's operation.

I haven't updated to 0.19.01 and still using 0.18.1, I will upgrade right now to see if it's a problem with the version.

-edit-
Mine isn't freezing, is yours random or all the time?

Wallet addresses with balance can't be changed to other format while maintaining the same balance, it has to be sent to the new address.
So just create a new wallet in Electrum by clicking "File->New/Restore", then follow HCP's tutorial and select the correct format.
If your Ledger Live's addresses starts with '1', Select Legacy, if '3' select p2sh-segwit.

You can also delete the current 'bc1 electrum wallet' before proceeding or after creating the new wallet.

When looking for info about ledger, first use their page's search field above;
Bitcoin address format: https://support.ledger.com/hc/en-us/articles/115005195945

As the edit implies, it's already solved and there's currently no known tool for generating the wallet's addresses and keys from the "chain_private_key".
Please read the previous replies first before posting

All you have to do is to Click, Copy and Paste Don't sweat the terms and numbers.
But do not try that with your current funded account's backup, do it if there's no official tool yet, you really need to spend your coins and you lost access to your account.

I bet if there will be a tool for that json file, the first batch will be command line tools that's much more complex for beginners.
If anyone find one, please share it here.

Is there really a space between 'Bitcoin' and 'core' of the folder name of your Bitcoin Core's directory?
Because you've been trying to load it from E:\BitcoinCore last November, but now, you changed it to D:\Bitcoin core (with space)

-edit-

She deleted her post, maybe it was solved.