We face a lot more issues when trying to manually type in the letters specially if it is from handwriting, for example another big problem is letters that have a similar looking lower and upper case like 'p' or 's'.
Another problem would be missing a character, like after entering the 43rd character your eye skips the 44th and enters the 45th character (eg. in a WIF that has 52 total).

But the problem with this argument is that we are not supposed to do any of that. Things like addresses (base58/bech32) are always stored digitally and copied digitally with user only double checking to see if copying hadn't changed the address.
There are other solutions available for things like keys where we store a human readable set of words known as mnemonic instead of writing down a single key using base58 encoding. Similar characters is not a big problem there.

Good point about it being abused but the same arguments are correct for a second separate mempool, that could be flooded with zero fee transactions to the point where the size of this secondary mempool becomes bigger than the main one. This is why I don't think separating it would solve that problem.

I wish the censored Western media hadn't brought it up at all instead of what they did which was praising it as something legitimate. For example the Economist called the criminal invasion of Iraq "waging of peace"! Here is a funny comparison between the titles this magazine used to describe invasion of Iraq (left) and Ukraine (right):


Another funny thing was the recent George W Bush's gaffe where he referred to his invasion of Iraq as "wholly unjustified and brutal invasion". https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEg6Ht2pNH0

Why are some people suddenly remembering that USDT is shady? I mean all this time we all know Tether is not pegged to anything and they don't have nearly enough USD to convert all their centralized shitcoin to fiat 1:1 but ever since bitcoin price dropped everyone seems to have remembered this shady shitcoin and how its demise would cause a bigger drop!!! I'm just curious as to why you guys weren't talking about it when price was $70k for example?

The problem with this conclusion is that a much bigger portion of stablecoins are actually used for altcoin trading not bitcoin trading which means they got out of shitcoins because they got dumped harder and are staying in other shitcoins like USDT waiting for the pumps to begin. Otherwise a large number bitcoin users who sold their bitcoin on bitcoin exchanges used fiat and those amounts can not be tracked.
Otherwise there is no doubt that at times like this when newbies are panicking, a lot of money is waiting on the sidelines to jump in bitcoin.

I wanted to debunk the low quality paper point by point but the link provided by @darkv0rt3x does that well enough. I just want to point out how they are trying to include a shitcoin called ethereum in the same category as bitcoin. Interestingly enough their company (Trail of Bits) and all the authors of the article have been involved with token creation scams on ethereum network one way or another.

It was also interesting how they sneaked in the weakest algorithm called PoS into their article in a couple of places to maliciously pretend it is safer... like:

It depends on your own knowledge of bitcoin, if you already don't know the basics you should start learning first so that you can answer any questions that may arise correctly. For example if someone asked you how bitcoin mining works or the common questions about key/address collision you have to know the answer already.

I say this because I don't know you and with a quick look at your post history it looks like you are mostly interested in price and trading which is not something I would tell others when I'm trying to "educate them about bitcoin". In fact the first thing I'll tell others is that bitcoin is not an investment so don't buy it to make profit.

In any case the topics I would cover are these:
* Basics about bitcoin, how it works that includes the blockchain structure and transactions
* Some quick information about mining and the meaning of "confirmation"
* Wallets, keys and security. What to avoid (like web wallets and custodial wallets)
* Cold storage and bad practice that could lead to losses
* Last but not least: altcoins and why you should avoid all of them.

If you think about this statement a little while looking at the world around you, it is obvious how silly it sounds. Forget about bitcoin for a moment, you can see that the world is moving towards become more digital and the physical form of money is slowly fading away. So why should bitcoin, the currency that was created to be digital from the start, go backwards and have a physical form?!

Besides, "Casascius" and other similar objects were never "physical form of bitcoin" regardless of what they named them. They were clearly a collectible that only collectors or super enthusiasts were gathering as a "fancy" object not as a physical currency. Most of the bullet points you provided as reasons were wrong.

It sounds like you are confusing Blockchain with the website called Blockchain.com, they are not the same thing. In bitcoin you don't have an account and you don't need to provide an email address and store some password to your account. All those are for that centralized website.

In bitcoin you create a wallet locally which would create a bunch of keys for you which you would also keep locally. All the transactions (and your coins) are stored in the blockchain that is publicly available to everyone. The security come from the fact that you can only "unlock" your coins using your own key and nobody else can reproduce your key or fake it.

It doesn't seem to need that much complexity and definitely not a secondary mempool. It only needs a new condition to reduce the minimum fee from x to 0 either manually for all conditions or automatically when the mempool size drops below a certain size.

I wish you also included where you live so that we could have a better understanding of how things are going in different countries.

In any case I've seen this issue mainly in countries that are plagued with a disease called capitalism. The "capitalist" would for example buy the farm and farmer and their products in long term contracts. There are cases where the farmers have to work their assess off for 10 years and hand over their products to the "salve master" at the same fixed price for 10 years regardless of inflation. That crushes the farmer.
The government can not get involved in it either because if they did the whole system falls apart. But this threatens food security.

In other places without capitalism (or little of it) things are different. The government can get involved and help guarantee food security, not to mention that farmers are mostly also owners of their own land and products.
For example in Iran farmers receive a lot of help at times like this, for example they could receive fertilizers at very cheap prices so that their final product doesn't need to go up in price. Sometimes they have a guarantee of purchase at a high price (even higher than market price). This is why food prices (like bread) haven't technically gone up except in some cases (like rice) they only had a small rise.

US increased the exports to EU by a little bit since it is summer and they don't need it and Russia cut the supply to EU by so much that EU is mostly starved for gas even though it is still summer. In other words the important part that you didn't mention here is that EU's need for gas is not met by US supply. Not to mention that the recent explosion in the biggest LNG export facility in Texas reduced that export which could last for at least 6 months.

Here is a chart:

Exactly. When people compare bitcoin with gold they are only comparing one aspect of bitcoin with all that gold stands for. But bitcoin is much more than just being an investment or an asset, it is a currency, a store of value with a time stamped immutable decentralized ledger.

The blockchain consists of blocks and each block contains one or more transactions and each transaction consists of inputs and outputs.
What we can call "coins" is the outputs in each transaction and they consist of an amount (like 1BTC, 0.0002BTC, etc.) and a locking script which is like a smart contract that defines the conditions that this output can be spent. It usually requires a digital signature from a key that the locking script has the hash of.

Not just BSV but there are a lot of newbies out there that think random shitcoins with nothing to offer are "better than bitcoin" and are going to some day become "number 1 coin" in the market. Funny thing is that they keep losing money bag holding these shitcoins and still think the same way until they lose a significant amount and finally give up.
The biggest example of such shitcoins that got biggest pumps is ETH.

I think when bitcoin starts rising back up again and breaks a resistance or two, it won't just stop at $28k. Remember a couple of years ago when $4k was broken and in a very short time price went from $3.1k bottom to $10k?

In any case I believe that comparing bitcoin with other stuff that don't even fall in the same category as bitcoin (the currency) is wrong. Both gold and bitcoin serve different purposes than one another. For example you can't really use gold to pay for stuff easily but bitcoin is designed to do exactly that.
But as far as their cap and circulating supplies go, you are right both have limited maximum supply but gold's circulating supply can be increased by a lot as the news from Uganda proves.

Generally speaking you must never store your coins on a centralized exchange since you don't have any control over your keys when you do that. Exchanges should only be used for trading which means the amount of funds you have in your exchange account should be a smaller amount (compared to the total amount of funds you have) that you can afford to lose be it in trading or in the exchange scamming you.

I do understand the fact that nearly half of Ukraine are pro-Russia, I also understand the reasons for the conflict including how Ukraine had become a security threat not just to Russia but to the whole world. There is a lot more I can't even mention here.

But none of that changes the fact that this is still an invasion since at the end of the day Ukraine is a sovereign nation being attacked by a foreign force. It would be double standard to call it anything else just like how I argued not so long ago that what Ukraine did in Iraq for years was criminal and an invasion where they killed innocent people, it doesn't matter if they call it a "peacekeeping mission" or some Iraqis wanted the dictator removed.

The problem is the economy of half of the world that is crashing hard these days, so in order to speculate about the bitcoin price we have to first speculate about the time that crash ends. I personally don't think it's possible to predict that because the inflation is still rising in both US and EU, and there is no sign of slowing down. In fact there are signs that things could get worse.

This soaring price of everything has effectively increased the amount of panic in all markets, consequently a lot of newbies are selling their bitcoins; some are selling to cover their bills and some to fill their bellies.
On the other hand the other half are on the sidelines greedily waiting for the best price (which is the lowest price possible) to start buying bitcoin which is why the reversal has not happened yet. These people will continue waiting as long as the economy of the other half continues crashing.

Of course some "catalysts" could change this trend by providing an incentive for those on the sidelines to jump in sooner. Catalysts such as the halving.

Your transaction is most probably not signed because this error happens when Electrum can not derive the correct key using the information provided in your wallet. It requires your change value in your derivation path be either 0 or 1. Lack of signature is the reason why you can't click the Broadcast button.
The line that throws this exception: https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/blob/574243b897f345208a3b9197c6b0b1e229d61271/electrum/keystore.py#L537-L538