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A chrome extension is definetely a software.
A software is defined as 'a part of a computer system that consists of data or computer instructions' (from wikipedia).
Anything you are running from your pc (anything you are interacting with) is/has a software.




The wallet itself does work fine. It is just that it does not support the 'payment protocol' to interact with the bitpay invoices.
You can however still install electrum and use it as an interface for your nano s (electrum would be basically replacing your ledger bitcoin chrome extension).
This has no effect on the security/safety of your device/sensitive data.

You have to manually set the transaction fee.




Correct. This would theoretically result in a zero fee transaction.




You can check the amount of UTXO you have. Command: listunspent.
Then visit https://estimatefee.com/ and enter the amount of inputs and the amount of outputs (probably one if you just want to move it to another wallet). Set the estimated confirmation time.

For example: A transaction with 4 inputs and 1 output which shall be confirmed within 4 blocks needs a fee of 2544 satoshis (4 sat/B).




Like Xynerise already mentioned, with: settxfee <amount>.

The seed is the only thing you need to restore a wallet.
I have never used darkwallet, so i can't give you a detailed path to restore your wallet.

But isn't it possible to create a new wallet using the old seed? And afterwards either sending your coins to a new address or exporting the private key?
I don't know how darkwallet derives keys from a seed. Might be worth checking their github.

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He is talking about the Darkwallet for bitcoin.
I am not sure whether this wallet supports BIP32 (HD wallets) or BIP39 (mnemonic seed).

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@OP: Does your seed consist of 12/18/24 words? Or does it look like a random string? (Do not expose your seed to anyone!)


Edit: OP, you can export the private keys by restoring a wallet with your 12-word seed, then click 'Settings --> Tools --> Export Private Keys'.

The capped memory is for security reasons (ledger claims).
But this indeed makes sense.

With 320 Kb flash and 10 Kb RAM there is not much room for malware.
Especially if you already have installed a few applications the remaining space shrinks to 100-200 Kb.

I'd rather have only 3-5 apps installed (with the ability to uninstall/install them anytime; like it is now) than having space for all applications which does impose another risk.

You might consider posting/moving this into the correct subforum to get more and better answers: Alternate cryptocurrencies -> Mining.

You should also include the actual error message you get.

Well i'd like to add another point of view.
If you do know the date of a transaction in advance and the physical place (or IP address) you might be able to disrupt the transaction from being broadcasted.

Note that this effectively does not slow down a transaction, but completely 'cancels' it.
But you theoretically still would be able to broadcast it at a later date if those inputs hasn't been spent yet.

This requires physical access.


The theoretical plan to perform such an attack would be something like:

1) Either infect your target with malware or use whatever method to gain access
2) Connect the targets node to 8 nodes under your control (8 outgoing connections are standard)
3) When a transaction you want to intercept is broadcasted, don't relay it.
4) Replay the transaction at a later date (if UTXO's hasn't been used yet).

This attack is pretty expensive in terms of time and dedication and not too trivial to perform. It is definetely possible, but very unlikely.

At the beginning you have to setup your cold wallets (securely).
Don't create them on an online machine and move them to a cold storage afterwards.
Do create them directly on your (always) offline machine.

Then, to create a transaction from your offline PC without the synced blockchain you can follow this small guide by dexX7: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=651344.msg7306076#msg7306076.
He has explained it pretty detailed.

Feel free to ask for further questions.




You don't necessarily increase the security by setting up multiple cold wallets.
Additionally the usability decreases (in my opinion).

You might try out this setup:
- 1 offline PC with several electrum[1]-wallets
- 1 online PC with a watch-only wallet containing all the xpub keys of your cold storage wallets.

This way you will be able to easily spend from your cold storage (create TX from your (onine) watch-only wallet), then move the TX to your cold storage (either by QR+webcam or USB), then sign the transaction on your offline PC, move it to your online PC, broadcast it.
And you will still be able to manage your several cold wallets seperately.

I think it is more user friendly to use an offline setup like this with electrum [1] than using core.


[1] https://electrum.org/#home

There won't be a next 'version' of the blockchain.
There currently is a blockchain. Thats a chain of blocks. This blockchain is immutable.
This means there won't be any changes made to the blocks inside the blockchain. Only new blocks can be added.

The github link (https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin) is for bitcoin core (the '#1' full node client to access the bitcoin network).
This is independend from the blockchain. You can ignore any changes made to bitcoin core and communicate with the bitcoin network using your own client.

Did you try out what i have suggested?
Do you remember anything of your password?

If you do remember your password partially (or you have any additional information regarding your password) you might try to use btcrecover.

Any information can be helpful to gain access to your wallet back.
For example:

• Min./max. length of your password?
• Characters you have definetely (not) used?
• Any common pattern you always use (e.g. '123' at the end) ?
• Maximum amount of capital letters ?
• Maximum amount of special characters ?

Each little piece of information you can gather does decrease the search space heavily (and therefore also reducing the time it takes to bruteforce the password).

How is this now different from your first approach?
You now just named it UTXO instead of 'previous transactions'.




With 'standalone wallet software' you mean a full node client?
If so: A full node downloads the whole blockchain (every block) and verifies them, 'building a list' of UTXO's.
And a block does, of course, have the whole transaction included. It wouldn't be verifiable if this wasn't the case.

A lightweight client on the other hand does not store anything (besides wallet information of course).
Such a client (e.g. electrum) does query an online server to get the current status of UTXO's associated to your addresses.

BIP39 does not define any encryption. The additional word (passphrase) is not used to encrypt your mnemonic seed.
The additional word is used to derive a different (pseudorandom) seed (which is then used to derive HD wallets) from your mnemonic seed.

If someone gets access to your mnemonic seed, he will see all words. Nothing is encrypted.
But this mnemonic seed will generate a different seed (which is then used to generate HD wallet) than the same mnemonic seed with the additional word.

This is two-factor-authentication because you need to (1) have something (the mnemonic seed) and (2) know something (the additional word (=passphrase)).
This way you can add plausible deniability to your wallet. Use the mnemonic seed without a passphrase for a low-value wallet and use one with a passphrase for your 'big' holdings.
You will be able to disclose your seed/wallet to authorities/gangster/etc. without them being able to know you have a second (hidden) wallet tied to that seed.


You can read more about the additional word (passphrase) usage of BIP39 on github: https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0039.mediawiki#from-mnemonic-to-seed

This is not a 'disadvantage'. It is a feature.
Multisig does not help to 'eliminate' any 'problems' at all 'during the transactions confirmation'.




What you are describing is an escrow service utilizing multi signature.
The problem is that you still have to trust the escrow. And if you do trust the escrow, you don't necessarly need multisignature.

The same could easily be accomplished by sending the full amount to an address fully in control by the escrow.
Then, after consensus between buyer and seller has been reached, the escrow could simply forward the amount paid.
While this pose another risk (escrow stealing funds; which is not possible with multisig escrow), you still need to rely on the escrow to release the funds in case of a dispute when using multisignature.

Multisignature does increase the safety in a trade with an escrow. But it is not a 'tool'.

Using an escrow with multisignature is just one utilization of multisig. There are a lot more. [1]




You might receive merits if your posts would be contentual accurate.
This is not the case. You seem to misunderstand the concept of multisignature (and maybe even bitcoin itself).



[1] Additional applications for multisig: https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Multisignature#Multisignature_Applications

This sounds more than just careless.
Storing your mnemonic seed on your mobile phone (unencrypted  ) is a bad idea.
Mobile phone manufacturer often skip security patches while displaying everything would be up-to-date. [1]

You are running a relatively huge risk of getting your seed compromised.

A digital storage is never a good idea for such sensitive information (doesn't matter whether encrypted or not).
The only form of digital storage which seems to be 'ok' is to have a backup encrypted on a device which is not connected to the internet (USB only used for this purpose, Offline PC, ...).


Storing your seed printed/written on a piece of paper in your wallet at home would probably be way more secure.



[1] https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/apr/13/android-phone-makers-skip-security-updates-users-smartphone-software-google

You can open the electrum console tab (if not visible: 'View' -> 'Show console') and enter this command:

First check which addresses do contain your forked coins, then enter this command with your addresses in " " and seperated with a ','.
Afterwards you will be able to copy them and import them into your forked wallet.

This depends on quite some factors.
1) How much money do you have available? Is it enough to split? Or just a small starting investment?
2) What is your plan? Do you want to make short-term profits or rather long-term ?
3) Did you already read into projects? Choose those you have trust in. Those who seem to be legit and useful.

You should try to balance your whole portfolio.
Choose 1 or 2 low risk / low reward coins for stability, a few mid risk/reward coins and a few high risk / high reward coins (potential moonshots).
How exactly you balance those out, depends on you. For a more 'conserative' portfolio choose 50% low risk/reward, 35% mid risk/reward and 15% high risk/reward coins.

First: I don't like this approach. It is kinda 'dirty'.

The seed is your mnemonic seed. Your 12/18/24 word seed.
m/0'/0'/0 is a derivation path (specified in BIP 32).





If you want to use a seed you have to actively generate one. Then derive private-/public- keypairs from your seed.


A better approach would be to use the xpub key or to generate a bunch of addresses and store them in your database. Then just link user ID's to the addresses in your database.

How is this related to the topic?




Thats not true.
The wallet.dat file is the 'storage' of information (private keys, addresses, labels, ..) for the actual wallet (bitcoin core client).
A wallet is a piece of software (or a printed paper, hardware-) which manages private-/public keys.

The client itself is not being encrypted. Sensitive information are being encrypted (e.g. private keys / seed inside wallet.dat or wallet.dat itself).
Either with your password or a randomly generated key (which is tied to your password).




This has nothing to do with people at your physical location realizing you own massive amounts of money.
You might read the thread again.

You are right. I somehow missed this 
Thanks for correcting me, i edited my post. I appreciate it.

You still can send transaction with 0 fee.
Since clients updated those aren't considered as standard anymore and therefore won't be relayed (by the majority of clients).

Still, if you manage to get your transaction to a miner and his mining software does accept/include transactions with 0 fee, it eventually will get mined.

Technically, it is possible. But since miners are profit-oriented this is less likely to happen.