I also think that there is no solution to this problem unless you find something what every person on this planet can only do once.

The question is also what you want to achieve with this. Do you just want to give every person one coin, nevertheless what they already own, or do you want a fair distribution of wealth?

The only possible solution posted so far ist from McKane


But I would skip the last point, that the ship goes back to earth to prevent replay attacks.
The spaceship should not be able to return to earth.

Next point: No one who enters the spaceship is allowed to take anything with him what could have value.

Even if there would be a solution to distribute exactly one coin to each person on earth (or mars), this would not change anything as long as there are other currencies and other valuable things owned by the people.
This one coin will not make any difference to the current distribution of wealth, if the old value remains. Hence no one should be allowed to take anything with them to the spaceship. But this is actually also mostly impossible as people are corrupt, can be bribed etc.

Next point: if however we manage to distribute exactly one coin to each person, it would not take long until we have the same situation as now.

And the reason for this is, that all people are different.
Such a system can only work if all people have the same ideals, the same morals, the same knowledge, are not greedy and all want the same things and so on. But this is an illusion.

There are always people who are smarter than other people and gain an advantage over people who are not as smart.
There are always people who want to have more than other people.

Even people who won the lottery but are unable to handle money correctly, will lose it again after some time. There are more than enough examples where this actually happened.


This means, a fairly distributed wealth is not possible for humanity.


I can think of a world completely without money, where somehow everyone can get the things he want ("want" not "need"!).
The only way you can achieve this is by connecting everybody to a virtual world where things you want can be created instantly and harm to other people does not have an effect to them physically.

Let me close this post with a quote:

Somewhere I heard that at the moment some nodes only allow some predefined scripts.
But I don't know if this is true or not.

The idea behind this was, that you don't burn your coins with some "experimental" scripts where you are not able to spend them anymore.

There are several problems with homemade scripts

• Possibility, that the coins will get burned if script has an error
• Possiblility of unintended behaviour. The script could do what you expect, but it could possible also do something you did not expect when it is used with a different set of parameters for example. Maybe someone who use the script differently could steal coins from this script if you don't think of all possiblities (As happend with the Ethereum DAO hack).

To minimize the risk of having such troubles, you should test your scripts always in testnet and also show the script to some experienced people who may find some vulnerabilities before releasing it to the main net.

If I didn't made any mistake, this is what you can expect if you are able to check addresses with the current Bitcoin Hashrate.

Current Hashrate: 7,935,318,596 GH/s

Possible private Keys: 2^256 = 115792089237316000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

To try all possible keys with the speed of the current hashrate it would take you 14591990138226200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 seconds or 462708971912298000000000000000000000000000000000000 years.

And by the way, the age of the universe is around 13000000000 years.
So it would take 35592997839407500000000000000000000000000 times the age of the universe to check all addresses.

As I saw a comment before, that this program is able to test unbelievable 2-3 keys/second.... well, good luck then 

I would also like to highlight the book from Andreas Antonopoulos "Mastering Bitcoin".
He is currently working on "Mastering Ethereum". If it is as good as Mastering Bitcoin, I would also highly recommend it. Release date should be somewhere in February 2018.

If you are thinking explicitly of bitcoin scripting (smart contract programming), there is a good video from Andreas where he explaines how transactions work in bitcoin).

Here is the video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FeAXjkmDcQ

I think you are talking about newly mined blocks by miners which are sent to the network.


Replace "All the miners of the network" with "All the full nodes of the network".

Each full node stores the complete blockchain. Whenever a full node receives a new block (mined by any miner and send the newly found block to the network), the full node validates this block and if it is OK, the block will be added to it's own version of it's blockchain and also broadcast the block to all the connected peers. If it is not valid, the block will be rejected, not added to the blockchain and not broadcasted to it's peers.


There is no need to be aware if all the other full nodes have already validated the block or not. If your full node follows the exact same rules than all the other full nodes, and the block is valid for you, it is also valid for all the other full nodes. Except two blocks are found nearly simultanious. Only the first block the full node received will be valid for him. The second block will be invalid, at least for a while (see below).

A miner itself is nothing more than a full node. Whenever the miner is searching for a new block and receives a new block from the network before he found a new block himself, he also need to validate the received block. If it is valid for him, he also add it to his local blockchain and start mining a new block on top of the just received block with the remaining transactions in the mempool.

Whenever a node receives two valid blocks with the same height, the rule of the longest chain will solve this issue.
Lets assume, miner 1 and miner 2 find booth a block at the same time and broadcast their block to the network.

In this case about half of the network will accept the block from miner 1, the other half will accept the block from miner 2. Some miners therefor will try to find a new block on top of block of miner 1 and some miners will try to find a new block on top of block of miner 2. The first one who find a new block, either on top of block of miner 1 or miner 2, will become the longest chain, which is the chain which is the valid chain.

The miners who did mine on top of the "orphaned" block will see they are on the wrong side of the chain when they receive a new block on top of the other chain. Then they stop mining on their current block and continue mining on the other longer side.

Anyone can use bitcoin if he/she knows about it's existence and have access to the internet.
It's not complicated to use bitcoin when someone is interested.

But I think the usecase will differ from person to person and is somehow dependent to the knowledge (not education) about bitcoin.

The deeper someone dive into the topic cryptocurrencies the more this person may see the possible future and impacts it can have.

There are people who say
"I will never touch it, because it's a ponzi/pyramid etc.'
or "I give it a try but maybe forget about it after some time"
or "I buy because others made a lot of money with it, but I'm afraid when exchange rates go down"
or "I believe it is a currency for day to day use"
or "I believe it is a store of value for long time hodl"
or "I believe it has the potential to replace all national currencies"
and lot of different reasons between those.

At the moment not many people have deep enough knowledge about bitcoin.
Most people maybe just heard about it but have no clue what it is actually.

And if those people are not interested in learning about bitcoin, they maybe will never use it until it became mainstream.

In my last transactions I always payed the minium fee of 1 sat/byte, when I'm not in hurry (and I'm usually never in hurry).

When mempool was big (> 50000 tx) my transactions took between 4 hours and 1 full day for first confirmation. Actually I was surprised that it did not take days...
After spamming of mempool stopped, my 1 sat/byte transactions went through within the next 1 to 5 blocks.

So I don't see any reason for me to pay more than the minimum fee at all.

Of course, the wallet need to be able to support those low fees, what is the biggest challange in my opinion.

Now after moving my coins to segwit addresses it's even cheaper as the size of the transactions are smaller.