All agreed!
ROCm is normally included in amdgpupro, but if you install it directly, you can get a more recent version (it was important when they introduced large page)... Normally installing amdgpu-pro, not even the grub patch (which only helps performance), should work.
My bet is on kernel incompatibility with amdgpu-pro (in fact with the included ROCm), but it may be a stupid detail, as often. good struggle.

APP_SDK and ADL_SDK are not useful

the kernel 4.4.11 is different from mine (I have latest on 16.04 LTS, the 4.10....).
Note I got ther just by making apt-get dist-upgrade and update  (and all possible update/upgrade)

check that when installing amdgpu-pro the dpkg compile phase does not end with an error (check the logs they name... eg, amdgpupro refused to compile with the 4.11 linux headers provided by ROCm)
If desperate, try to install ROCm
https://github.com/RadeonOpenCompute/ROCm
and afterward install amdgpu-pro for the OpenCL implementation (claymore don't use ROCm opencl implementation)

don't forget the large page options in grup config file... as said in the documentation,