Chapter 0 Introduction

What force on determines the direction of Bitcoin’s onchainscaling? Three groups, users, miners and developers, almost unanimously hope to onchain scaling, except a small part of bitcoin core developers. Most obstacles to the hard fork have been eliminated, yet the obstacle from core developers cannot be passed.  
Why?  I have always been confused about this.


I once read one article in Wan Weigang’s Elite Daily Class, which cited one article of Taleb—The Most Intolerant Wins:The Dictatorship of the Small Minority. This article analyzed one principle from the perspective of philosophers and clearly explained that people who push the history forward are never the “main school scholars’ consensus” or “democratic selections”, but a small minority who extremely insist on “playing for real”.


After reading the articles of Wan Weigang and Taleb, I can’t help sighing and comprehended that the size of Bitcoin’s block has been locked by several people who insist on “playing for real” and insist on the 1M block.

 
Chapter I  It is people who insist on “playing for real” that push the history forward

In his article, Taleb first mentioned the concept of “skin-in-the-game”, which means “one’s interests are in it”, namely one has spent real money in it. When saying that you are “skin-in-the-game” in a certain field, it means you are “playing for real’.

What corresponds to it is “crowds who eat the melon” (the people who watch the fun is called the crowds who eat the melon).


Taleb used this concept to express his core principle: There are too many people that eat the melon and “playing for real” is a very rare quality. Therefore, the people who push the history forward are a handful of small minority that have the quality of “playing for real”.

Taleb described his logic and also gave some examples to prove his opinions. One similar case also appeared in China.

On the packages of most American drinks, there is a sign of Kosher Certification, which is similar to the “Halal Food” in China.

In China, many milk and food package boxes are labeled with the sign of “Halal Food”. However, the Han nationality occupy an absolutely large share in consumption and they don’t care about whether it is Halal Food or not. This is very strange. Why to label food with “Halal” only for a small part of people.Taleb said there was no plot inside it and the logic that caused such a situation was like this:

   *This small part of people only eat food certified by Judaism and absolutely eat nothing else. They are “playing for real”. ( A part of Hui people in our country also only eat food labeled with the sign of “Halal Food”).

   * This small part of people exist throughout the country and they are not only concentrated in one place.

   * Merchants simply put on labels according to their own methods and the costs are not high. Other people (the crowds that eat the melon) have no opinion about the this, because they are not “playing for real”. (For example, when Han people drink milk, we do not really care whether there is the sign of “Halal Food” on it).

   * Merchants do not care, neither do most consumers. However, only a small number of people that “play for real” care about it. Therefore, merchants do according to their requirements.

   * In this process, there is no plot or any violent threat: As long as this small number of people can insist on their own opinions,  others have to obey them eventually.

Taleb proposed one concept named “renormalization group” to describe this phenomenon.
In fact, such a phenomenon is ubiquitous in our life. In my college years, for example, we studied in one new campus and were the first batch of students that have settled there. In the cafeteria, there was no Halal restaurant and a few Hui students then petitioned in the university’s office a few days after registrations. It turned out that the university actually set up one region as the Halal restaurant. However, its service subjects were really very limited. I thought less than 50 students were Hui people among the total 6,000 students.A large number of people with other eating habits all accepted this fact.

I used to work in one company, which set up a subsidiary in Wuxi. The subsidiary’s main employees were people from Wuxi City and they mainly spoke in Wuxi dialect in the office. However, two employees were transferred from Beijing. In the end, the company made it a rule that dialects were not allowed in the office. Most employees must cooperate these two colleagues from Beijing who speak mandarin.
Besides, public facilities all reserve exclusive ones for persons with disabilities.
Moreover, the network sensitive words exclusive in China were also caused by a small number of civil servants.

 Taleb proved this logic in the political and religious fields, and he found out that it was just as what he had expected.

Chapter II   Bitocoin block has been locked by small minority who insist on “playing for real” by far


There are three groups in the Bitcoin ecology: users, miners and developers. In fact, most people advocate onchain scaling. No matter how big it is, they insist on expand the 1M block. However, the developers of Bitcoin Core, namely several developers who have the voice right, insist on reserving this 1M limit. They are people “who play for real”.  They insist on that “I wrote the codes, so I can refuse modifying them”.


How serious are these Bitcoin Core developers “playing for real”?  The number of them is under 150, which meets the famous “Dunbar number”.  They have stable financial support. They also have powerful organization and coordination ability and organize conferences regularly. They have an excellent promotion mechanism and regularly release public opinions to the community.  They also have a powerful media control ability and have controlled the main media platform of the Bitcoin community. They even used the speech control means that only dictators use and seal dissidents’ opinions on a large scale.  Their conversations with miners and users are also very tough.


Compared with these people “who play for real”, there are also people that starte to develop themselves and set up XT, Classic and Unlimited.  Compared with Bitcoin core developers, these development teams all appear to be scattered and their strength are all in an inferior status. They have no stable financial support. Besides, their promotion strength to the external world appear to be weaker. They have no special media platform, nor the ability of strongly responding to opposing voices.

Have miners “been serious” towards the theme of expansion in the past two years? Miners face huge submergence costs, while stabilizing and continuing the current situation meets short-term interests. However, long-term interests require people to implement the onchainscaling route.  In the past two years, miners have been in the defense status and few dare to substantially input capital or calculation ability to support the onchainscaling development team.  The whole miner group is also a decentralized organization and cannot form a unified voice.  To achieve the onchainscaling, miners mainly adopt calling, declaring, negations and pubic letters, in the hope of guiding the technical route. The fact has proved that it was useless doing so, as they will still be taken as “crowds who eat the melon”.

However, users are also “crowds who eat the melon”. This group basically has no organization ability and they cannot take unified actions.  Users hold Bitcoins mainly to wait for the price to rise.  However, the factors influencing whether the price goes up or not are too complicated, and the scaling does not consist of the sufficient and necessary conditions of increased price, nor does not consist of the motive that promote people to “play for real”.  In the past two years, besides writing articles to express their opinions on the network, users have actually been “eating the melon”. The real desperation and using one’s feet to vote that “if no onchainscaling, I will no longer play” are not users’ reasonable choices.  The reasonable choice of users is still to continue “eating the melon”. After all, I, as one user holding Bitcoins, is one stubborn supporter of big block. However, even the current block has been blocked in 1M, I will continue buying more.


In the situation that the minority “who play for real” VS “the crowds who eat the melon”, the minority are not tolerant and refuse to compromise, while the crowds who eat the melon cry and scream. In this way, the quarrel has lasted for over two years. The incident was complete.y dominated by the minority “who play for real”. It is a pity that the minority are wrong.


Chapter III    The onchainscaling needs another minority “who play for real” to break the deadlock


Gavin who held high the banner of onchainscaling and his first shot was Bitcoin XT. However, he was soon drowned by public opinions.

It seems that Bitcoin Classical also failed to insist on “playing for real”.

The time that I really see a turnabout is when seeing one piece of news, which said unlimited developed received 500,000 dollars’ donations. This means a large amount of capital starts to tilt towards onchainscaling clearly, and it is the input of real money. It is “playing for real”.  500,000 dollars is a big sum of money. This is called “playing for real”.

Unlimited developing team carried out technical promotion and conferences to promote to the media in an organized manner. They included the Xthin block, Flexible_Transactions (the SW competing solutions) and online conferences, such as OnchainScaling, as well as a series of systematic and organized contacts. This is “playing for real”.


Shortly after the mining pool of ViaBTC was set up, people made public statements about testing Bitcoin Unlimited, and their clearly expressed their intention towards big block to the media. This is also “playing for real”.


Various signs have shown that some people have started to be devoted to using real money to promote the block expansion. What is more noteworthy is: This minority group includes developers who write codes, sponsors who offer money and miners. Maybe we will see more cases in which people are serious about expansion. Can they match with another minority —Bitcoin Core Developer? Who will “play the game more real”? Besides, will they eventually guide “crows who eat the melon” to use their software?

 
Chapter IV.  The minority that “play the real game” determine the history is neutral

After reading Taleb’s article, I first signed and thought that I had subjective initiative. In fact, I was only one member of “the crowds that eat the melon”.  As a minority, one can determine the historical progress. Maybe this will act against our intuition, yet we would rather believe that this world obeys the subjective initiative of the majority. After all, we are always one member of the majority.  However, I was soon relieved, for this law is actually neutral.

This law is neutral itself and the law does not necessarily bring vicious outcomes or necessarily refer to kindness. A small number of bad people can do the wrong thing by “playing for real”. Just like most masses enslaved by the dictatorship government formed by a small number of servants. Similarly, a small number of good people can also benefit the world by “playing for real”.  In fact, the computer and Internet that we currently apply so widely were invented and promoted by an extremely small number of minority who are stubborn about “being real” towards science.

If a small number of people do bad things by “playing for real”, such as using the national firewall to prevent us from obtaining more real information about the world, most people may stand up to restrict the bad behaviors of these minorities.  For example, we will “break the wall” and make abuses. However, our determinations surely cannot match those of the small number of evil-doers. The results are that the majority of us have to bear the persecution of the firewall.  Just like this, “the crowds who eat the melon” are those secretly threatened.


The minority that advocate small block like Bitcoin Core developers are also famous for being stubborn. In the scaling controversy in the past two years, most Bitcoin users have to accept the results left by their “playing for real”.


Of course, there are also people who uses the law of “playing it real” to benefit people “who eat the melon”. Science was just created by the small minority that “play for real” and benefit people “who eat the melon”. The whole world is thus benefited. Without people like Bruno who insisted on that the Sun is the center till his death, we may still believe that Earth is the center of the universe.
 

Chapter V    Use “playing for real” to arm ourselves

As long as we know this law and understand this principle, we might as well as take it as a living attitude. For things that we care about, we must treat seriously and insist on being the small minority that have subjective awareness.


In terms of scaling Bitcoin’s block, the minority that insist on “playing for real” in the block includes me. I will support the onchainscaling by writing articles.


Chapter 6 Conclusion

The most unbeatable people in the world are the small minority who are most resolute and most unwilling to compromise. They are always “playing for real”.

My bitcoin address：14mhzjkJ71oMAMkKu3dy98dnUpkyQBHL1r

Introduction

Gold standard is a favorable system, but it is unexpectedly eliminated by the government. Gold boasts unparalleled advantages. However, that cannot prevent the government from killing the gold standard. Below is a close look at how the gold standard is wiped out by the government step by step and how bitcoin should avoid repeating the tragedy.
 
Chapter 1 Gold as a natural currency
 
Gold has been the most time-honored and widely-used currency in the human history. Its advantages cannot be ignored.

There are 118 elements on the periodic table of elements. Gold, the No. 79 element, is adopted by humans as a symbol of honor and wealth. On the periodic table elements, there are elements in the gaseous state or the liquid state; elements whose form is unstable or which can go into combustion easily; elements who can do harm to human body; elements which are rare, hard to smelter and difficult to find by ancients. Excluding all the above elements, gold and silver are the only two elements left. In terms of stability, gold has an edge over silver because silver can be easily oxidized or vulcanized into a black color. Therefore, gold becomes the natural currency.

Featured by a stable chemical property, it means gold can act as an enduring transaction medium. To serve as currency, gold should be able to be split and cut for the convenience of carrying. Alas! Gold has all these characteristics. With a favorable physical ductility, gold can be molded into various shapes. Last but not least, gold is a rare existence in the natural world. It was generated by the explosion of new stars when fixed stars died. Up to date, humans have not yet developed the ability to make the element of gold. The only way for humans to obtain gold is to exploit gold mines on the earth.

All these characteristics have made gold the most successful currency in the world. Gold can be traced back to 5,000 years ago. Gold was once the most popular currency, leading to the emergence of the gold standard system. Despite of the many undoubtable advantages, the gold standard was still eliminated by humans in modern times. To put it more directly, gold was marginalized in terms of its currency position. Despite of the many undoubtable advantages, the gold standard was still eliminated by humans in modern times. To put it more directly, gold was marginalized in terms of its currency position.


 
Chapter 2 Elimination process of the gold standard by the fiat money

 In the human history, the gold standard system has three realization forms, namely the gold coin standard system, the gold bullion standard system and the gold exchange standard system. The three realization forms constitute the substantial process in which the gold standard system was encroached step by step. The symbolic case of marginalization of gold as a currency was the collapse of the Bretton Woods Systems. Since then, humans have entered the era of the fiat money standard system.

    The gold coin standard system refers to adopting gold coins as fiat standard coins. In other words, according to the gold coin system, gold is directly used as money, and currency manufacturing is not monopolized by the country. As long as one has the ability, he can exploit gold mines, smelter and make gold into gold coins. The gold coin standard system ruled for more than one century.

The gold bulletin standard system refers to replacing gold coins with bank notes. According to the gold bulletin standard system, bank notes can be equally exchanged into gold. In China, bank notes were mainly issued by old-style Chinese private banks, which promised to settle their issued currency according to the fixed exchange rate of gold and silver. The exchange had no limits and was free. To some extent, this could guarantee that bank notes were corresponding to authentic gold. If one made false promises, one would suffer risks of being squeezed. However, this still impaired the nature of gold as a rare existence because of a non-100% reserve fund system, enabling the total number of bank notes to overtake that of gold. Under the currency system, currency issuance institutions with the right to issue currency emerged. The issuance of currency was realized through the issuance of bank notes. This suggested that currency issuance started turning into a right.

The gold exchange standard system is a virtual gold standard system. The country required gold to be put in one place, such as the central bank, and then the country issued its domestic currency and promised to implement the fixed exchange rate of gold. If the government wanted to issue currency, it needed to purchase the equal amount of gold. To avoid abuse of the currency policy, the government pledged on national credit. This further destroyed the gold standard system. Currency issuance was monopolized by the government. The exchange rate based on the government guarantee was never realized in history.

The Bretton Woods System symbolized the peak of the gold exchange standard system. The US government in a dominating role promised to connect the USD with gold, clarifying that the price of one ounce of gold was equal to 35 USD. Later, governments all over the world issued their domestic currencies and connected them with the USD to guarantee a fixed exchange rate. If the US government wanted to issue the USD, it needed to get the same amount of gold. If other governments wanted to issue their domestic currencies, they needed to get the same amount of gold. The system greatly weakened the gold standard system. In this way, there were two anchors with the currency issuance right in principle, but in practice there were no anchors at all, because none had the right to check how much gold the Federal Reserve had. Governments all over the world did not have an institution to supervise the issuance amount of their currency.

Quite soon, the Bretton Woods System collapsed, and the US president announced stopping exchange between the USD and gold in 1971. The gold standard system was eliminated. Since then, governments all over the world have adopted the credit money standard system. The credit money standard system has existed for nearly half a month. Despite that, gold is still regarded a kind of currency, universally acknowledged in the international community. However, its position as a currency has been weakened, just having the value storage function.

The process for the credit money system to replace the gold standard system was to first turn gold from a currency in circulation into a currency of settlement. Later, its settlement function was also deprived of, which turned gold into a value storage currency.

Chapter 3 Risks of bitcoin to undergo marginalization of gold

Bitcoin simulates physical properties of gold in terms of design. It is also rare, endurable, separable and portable. After more than seven years of market selection, bitcoin has grown into an indispensable Internet currency. It has also found its applications in the offline economic life.

At present, development of bitcoin has encountered its bottleneck. The bitcoin block is too small to make room for more transactions. The bitcoin community is also hotly discussing about techniques to expand the transaction capacity of bitcoin.
 
Now, there are mainly two proposals for expansion of bitcoin. First, maintain the payment function of bitcoin, and directly refer to the onchain sacling with hard fork. Second, persist in turning bitcoin into a settlement network, build the second layer of network based on bitcoin and use the technique of side chain and lightning network to enhance the payment function of bitcoin.

There is nothing new in the world. Though bitcoin is still a leading technique, it is a representation of historical events. After the gold coin standard system was stably implemented for one hundred years, the gold coin standard system was altered by a group of wise bankers and private bank owners into the gold bulletin standard system. After two world wars, the gold bulletin standard system was turned by those led by the US government into the gold exchange standard system. After two world economic crises, the US government took little effort to completely eliminate the gold standard system, thus building the modern credit currency system.

Bitcoin has not yet developed for eight years, but it has been faced with the selection of “bitcoin standard system,” “bitcoin block system” or “bitcoin exchange system.”

Direct use of bitcoin is similar to the “gold coin standard system.” Here, the author gives it a new name, “bitcoin standard system.” In the lightning network, the main chain of bitcoin is expanded to the second layer of protocol, and the main chain just undertakes the settlement function, which is similar to “gold bulletin standard system.” Here, the author calls it by “bitcoin block standard system.” Use of the side chain to build a brand-new payment platform is similar to “bitcoin exchange standard system.” Here, the author calls it by “bitcoin exchange standard system.”

    When people used bank notes to replace gold coins as the currency in circulation, ease of use of bank notes was greatly highlighted compared with a pile of gold coins, and to print bank notes took less cost compared with mining, smelting and casting of gold coins. People were ready to use bank notes. However, there were no free banquets in the world. While enjoying the convenience brought by bank notes, people had to face the concentration of rights in banks. They obtained the right to issue currency and had some reserve fund. Apparently, the gold standard system was the only one to suffer from this. **In fact, people were deprived of their right to safeguard their private property.**
 
People take delight in using the lightning network and side chain to design a set of more convenient and cheaper payment network. They get not only convenient, but also cost reduction. People have to believe more block chain operators, the hub of the lightning network and the side chain platform. Maybe, we can confidently think that, with nodes, there will not be some reserve fund or cheats of the side chain platform and hub. However, more than a hundred years ago, developers of bank notes also promised so. Once users have to pay an expensive price to check their own accounts (the main chain settlement system must be expensive), users have lost their ability to verify their accounts. In this way, the ability of bitcoin to protect inviolability of the private property will be challenged.
 
If the bitcoin network turns from a payment network into a settlement network, it means the death of the “bitcoin standard system,” and the bitcoin will lose one of its three functions, namely payment, value storage and settlement, just like what had happened to gold several hundreds of years ago. With the increasing number of banks, more and more bank notes were printed, but the reserve fund rate was decreasing. Gold had to say goodbye to its settlement function. When bitcoin’s main chain is connected with various lightning networks and side chains, will the settlement function of bitcoin also be deprived of? Logically speaking, if the main chain settlement cost is too high, the market must find a cheaper way, such as connecting side chains with sub-side chains, or bridging two different lightning networks to achieve direct cross-chain settlement without the trouble of closing channel on the main chain. The last question is when bitcoin will be deprived of its value storage function.

 
Chapter 4 Failure of gold to protect the gold standard system and failure of the small block of bitcoin to protect the “bitcoin block system”

Gold boasts lots of natural advantages. It is a decentralized currency in real sense, but the gold standard system was still eliminated. Natural advantages and physical properties of gold could not protect the gold standard system, but humans could.

When Keynes challenged against the gold standard system, governments all over the world followed him. None wanted to stand out to protect the gold standard system or the protection force was too small. People were happy to see the increasing number of their paper coins and experience the convenience of paper coins, but were blind to the cost they paid for these.

Bitcoins are decentralized and can ignore enemies like governments. However, the truth was gold could not protect the “gold standard system” with its physical properties. The decentralization property of bitcoin will not be so powerful to outweigh physical properties of gold. Whether decentralization of bitcoin could protect itself relies on humans or talents which can maintain its decentralization instead of a religion-like small block. The small block refuses more users to join the “bitcoin standard system.”
In the human history, the “gold bulletin standard system” and the “gold exchange standard system” which offered more convenient but were also more complex were created by allowing fewer and fewer people to join the “gold coin standard system.” At last, governments used the credit money system to totally eliminate the “gold standard system.”

During the development process of bitcoin, will bitcoin repeat the tragedy of gold? The author thinks this will not happen, because people can avoid it by expanding its bigger block.

One after another world economic crisis reminded people of the gold standard system. Satoshi Nakamoto published “On brink of second bailout for banks” on The Times on January 3, 2009. Did it warn bitcoin fans that the “bitcoin standard system” was going to be eliminated?


Chapter 5 Not to refuse new techniques but not to let new techniques eliminate the “bitcoin standard system”

 Here, the author does not refuse the lightning network and the side chain. These techniques are great. However, if they are accepted at the cost of refusing bigger blocks, people will lose the “bitcoin standard system.” That is the least expected.

    Here, the author supports establishing various high techniques on bigger blocks. While enjoying high techniques, people can also use the backward “bitcoin standard system” to protect the foundation of their private property right.


Chapter 6 Conclusion

One after another world economic crisis has aroused people’s nostalgia of the gold standard. As it is stated above, Satoshi Nakamoto had warned bitcoin fans of the potential risk of losing the “bitcoin standard system.”

 
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Introduction
Is the government inherently antagonistic to Bitcoin? There are many anarchists and anti-government persons in the bitcoin field, who think that the government is born to deny bitcoin. Is this really the case?

Chapter 1 Prisoner’s dilemma
Prisoner’s dilemma is a scene related to the game theory. Here is a widely-cited case to explain the phrase. (The following content is cited from zhihu!) A and B, two members of a criminal group, are arrested and separated, so they are unable to exchange information with each other. The police now lack adequate evidences, thus being unable to declare them guilty. However, they have obtained some secondary evidences, which can sentence them to one year imprisonment, respectively. Therefore, the police trade with these two prisoners.
1) If A and B both confess their crimes, each will be sentenced to two years of imprisonment;
2) If A confess but B does not, A can be released and B will be sentenced to three years of imprisonment; (vice versa)
3) If A and B both refuse to confess their crimes, each other them will be sentenced to one year imprisonment. The following table can make the above statements clearer:

If you are A or B, what is your choice? You are in darkness about the choice of your partner. Your confession might release you or sentence you to two years in prison. Your refusal to confess will sentence you to one year or three years in prison. Obviously, confession is a more attractive bargain. This is a choice to maximize profits and minimize losses. The final result is that both A and B confess. The two criminals are pushed by the game to a tragic dilemma. Originally, they might be able to “achieve favorable results both,” but at the end the results “are not that satisfactory to both.” The inevitable result is the so-called “Nash equilibrium.” At present, the development of bitcoin is also faced with such a prisoner’s dilemma to some extent.

Chapter 2 Someone bitcoin-er thinking trapped in the prisoner’s dilemma
Currently, bitcoin is faced with a choice to scaling. One path for it to achieve expansion is to directly expand itself onchain, that is, to enlarger the 1M block. The path is highly efficient and simple solution plan. Opponents of the path mainly think the government is hostile towards bitcoin.
Those opposing expansion think that expansion might lead to centralization of full-nodes and hash power of bitcoin. They also think that the government is inherently against bitcoin and that the government has not yet rooted out bitcoin because of decentralization. Once centralization is realized, the government will eliminate it by every means. For example, on July 11, BTCC translated an article written by a foreigner, saying that: Bitcoin is just like Starbucks that the government attempts to close. However, it exists safe and sound because the government cannot find a way to the end. Below is an analysis of the decision-making process:
1) If the small block of bitcoin can guarantee decentralization of bitcoin (though it is still uncertain whether decentralization can be achieved), bitcoin can survive despite of the government’s hostility or not. However, the small block will restrict further development of bitcoin.
2) A large block will expose bitcoin to risks of losing its decentralization. If the government is against bitcoin, bitcoin is doomed to die.
3) If bitcoin is expanded into a large block and the government is not against its existence, bitcoin will fare better and its development will be unlimited.

(Whether the big block will result in centralization is not discussed in this article. This article is written in the mind-set of opponents.) Because we cannot know whether the government is against bitcoin, the safest way is to maintain decentralization of bitcoin as much as possible no matter whether its development is the best. This is a typical prisoner’s dilemma.

Chapter 3 The solution to the prisoner’s dilemma: Communication with the government
The crux of the prisoner’s dilemma is that two prisoners cannot communicate with each other, let alone establish any trust relationship. The key to resolving the prisoner’s dilemma is to send reliable information to another prisoner, thus building efficient communication. Up to now, bitcoin has tens of millions of people involved in its operation. The market value has reached tens of billions of USD. It is impossible for the government to turn a blind eye to bitcoin. Various links of the bitcoin industry have also started their interaction with the government. Even BTCC has cooperated with the government numerous times, though their COO firmly persists in operating in a small block. The US entrepreneurs have done more. They even canvass for support in the Capitol Hill. The US government has established a full set of management bills, which, though being severe, do not aim at rooting out bitcoin. In the bitcoin field, several most important US enterprises have obtained the business license issued by the US government. Therefore, the hypothesis about the government’s inherent hostility to bitcoin is untenable. Entrepreneurs should be more active to cooperate, which is more beneficial for the development of the ecosphere. On the contrary, if all hold a prisoner’s mentality, bitcoin should be prepared to fight against any government efforts to eliminate it. Such alertness will make the government suspect its existence more, and the government will turn to the principle of presumption of guilt. If enterprises involved in bitcoin operations keep on expanding, the government will come to levy taxes on them, investigate them and even make them have a difficult time. Therefore, to give up the prisoner’s mentality and to build the cooperator’s mentality can keep all safe and sound. In the bitcoin community, there are a large number of anarchic fundamentalists, who are inherently against the government, thinking that the government made up of civil servants must be antagonistic to bitcoin. The group of people is also the earliest core personnel of bitcoin. Many core developers hold opinions of the kind. The bitcoin community needs them. Their contributions and creativity form an important part of bitcoin. Now, it is imperative to efficiently communicate with them. To tell the truth, the author is not good at establishing new contacts, let alone cooperating with the government in terms of things which are so complex and financial like bitcoin. The author is just writing this article to express some ideas instead of raising some substantial, constructive and operational methodologies. (Please forgive the “mouth cannon” of the author.)

Chapter 4 The solution to the prisoner’s dilemma: Establishment of a wider social space
In HK gangster movies, if the head of a gang and his/her followers are both arrested, the latter dares not confess crimes of the head considering the safety of their family members. Through intimidation, the head of a gang resolves the prisoner’s dilemma. However, we are all civilized people. The method is not for us. We should adopt some more civilized solutions. The legitimacy of governance in the modern society is based on public recognition. If the majority of the public are against bitcoin, the government policies will tend to eliminate bitcoin. (Pitifully, now, most people hate bitcoin, and they are in the majority.) On the contrary, if bitcoin can include more people into its economic scope, the government policies will tend to protect its development. No matter how powerful a government is, it fears the protest of its people. The power of people is the best way to cope with the government. On the bit.com APP, there is an article entitled The Real Decentralization Relies on a Wider User Participation, which includes the following though experiment: Which of the following scenes is the most decentralized?
1) A million people are operating their respective full-nodes at home and another one million are independent bitcoin users. (This is equal to the population of a small city.)
2) There are ten thousand independent full-nodes but just 100 million people using bitcoin. (This is equal to the population of a G20 country.)
*3) There are 10 full-nodes and all mankind is using bitcoin. The conclusion of the above experiment is clear. It is the least possible for the government to be hostile to bitcoin in the third scene, and the most likely in the first scene. The current development of bitcoin is most similar to the first scene. There are few people passionate about and using bitcoin. Most users are the young, the programmers or those with an economic mentality. The author thinks this is not an ideal living environment for bitcoin. To attract more users and diversify users—this is the only way to guarantee a better survival environment for bitcoin. Once there are a large number of diversified bitcoin users, the whole system calls for no guards. Myriads of users will safeguard its existence and development. Obviously, to obtain more diversified users, the direct on chain scaling is a must.

Chapter 5 Conclusions
The optimal survival environment for bitcoin is to have adequate and diversified users. These users will form the powerful protection for bitcoin.

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To prevent the Bitcoin to OnChain Scaling just because you failure to realize its great

Introduction

The bitcoin net has been operating at full capacity for a long time. The appeal to upgrade of bitcoin agreements has been lasting for more than one year. However, some developers of Bitcoin Core for example have been repelling against such upgrade. The others had explained everything their worries. Despite that, they still don’t accept such upgrade. The public patience has been worn out by their stubbornness.
Recently, the dispute about the bitcoin scaling has once again been put in the spotlight. This time both sides have directly shown their stance. I found that they refused the scaling just because they don’t know how great the bitcoin is.

Chapter1 Fear of fullnode will centralization just because they don’t think bitcoin is one great thing
A motley crew cannot think out of the box.
It is said that onchain scaling will increase the costs to operation bitcoin’s full nodes, thus resulting in the terrible centralization. These people have not yet realized that bitcoin is greatful enough to attract more people to operate its full nodes regardless of the costs. In their opinion, their income cannot cover costs of operating bitcoin’s full nodes, so they think others are at the same situation like theirs.
I change a mobile phone every two years. If my mother finds it, she will be quite angry. She thinks there is no need for me to spend money on changing new phones, because she cannot understand the worthiness for me to spend money to buy the technical progress of mobile phones.
If I tell my mother that I will spend 500 RMB buying an RPi, which consumes electricity day by day and creates no profits, to operate a bitcoin full node, my mother must call me a “black sheep.”
The understanding of bitcoin of those fearing that bitcoin onchain scaling will lead to full node centralization is like the understanding of mobile phones of my mother. They cannot understand the great of bitcoin, so it is natural for them to think that bitcoin does not deserve so much money to be maintained without prospective profits.
Another example is Lamborghini. As is known to all, Lamborghini is very expensive, whose price far exceeds the cost of its practical performance. It is apt to say that money spent on the car is fundamentally not for a “functional” purpose, but because it is “powerful” in some sense. This is similar to the operation of the complete bitcoin nodes. However, Lamborghini has buyers all over the world. Its expensiveness will not make it lose its customers. This is the so-called de-centralization. Cherry QQ is not that far behind Lamborghini in terms of performance. However, none think the former is “powerful,” so it can just be “centrally” distributed in China and looked down upon by others.
When Nakamoto was mining alone, the operation cost of the full node was the lowest, but the bitcoin was the most centralized at that time. Bitcoin was not a great thing at that time but something inessential. When bitcoin becomes increasingly great and more and more people are attracted to join it, the absolute number of full nodes in operation will be increased instead of being decreased. The more great it is, the more decentralized it is.

Chapter 2 Fear of increasing powerfulness of bitcoin because of the need of maintaining high handling fees by the small block
 Due to the zero-sum game mentality, the poor always refuse cooperation and are stingy about stock.
Those who want to filter some bitcoin users through formalities are worried that the bitcoin market might be fully saturated so that they get no way to join it. The best way to avoid this is to ban others from joining it. This is a typical zero-sum mentality.
In fact, bitcoin is powerful enough to meet infinite demands. Anyone of the 7 billion people in the world that is willing to use bitcoin can get their demands satisfied by bitcoin net.
The current network bandwidth, CPU capacity and stock cost are far enough to meet demands of bitcoin. The current market has the potential to provide more and better basic network services if necessary.
Google can provide searching services for billions of users; WeChat allows billions of users to be on line simultaneously; AliPay handles tens of thousands of transactions every second. Bitcoin shares the same network basis and techniques with these companies Why does bitcoin have to be confined to seven transactions per second? Why is the 1M area restricted?
Don’t set self-limits. We have the most advanced technology to turn out the best products. We need to equip ourselves with the most advanced ideas so that bitcoin can establish new rules and become more powerful.
To stay in fear of losing and set self-limits—this is the mentality of the poor. They often avoid cooperating with others on some weird excuses, because they are worried that others might seize their share.
A cooperative mind-set is open and willing to make use of all conditions to create wealth instead of confining people within a wall to scramble for stock.
Bitcoin will not become cheaper because of more people using its. On the contrary, it will become more valuable according to the increment mentality.
 
Chapter 3 Fear of government intervention because of the coward-mentality of a group of evil-intended people
Cowards are always hiding themselves in the dark corners.
As is known to all, the bitcoin field is filled with hackers, drug traffickers and money launderers. These people are worried about government intervention, so they vehemently oppose scaling. They hope bitcoin can be confined to the TOR anonymous internet, because the fundamental service capability of TOR network is far weaker than the normal web. Therefore, the smaller the bitcoin block is, the better it is for them.
They are ready to label them as “liberalists,” defining bitcoin as a free currency against the government violence. In fact, they are just a group of cowards with dark conspiracies.
Bitcoin is a technical progress, social progress and a progress of the world. It offers people more chances to create greater fortunes. However, the group of cowards is not of the opinion. They think bitcoin should keep alive without serious ambition and be confined to a small anti-government crowd so that they can enjoy it in dark corners alone.
In fact, governments are keeping up with the technical progress. Most governments in the world are friendly towards bitcoin. They are different from what is imagined by the cowards in the dark corners to oppose bitcoin.
On the other hand, even if bitcoin’s block has set bigger and the government wants to eliminate it, but the government cannot make it. This is decided by the de-centralization nature of bitcoin, and the government cannot eliminate a de-centralized product.
Now, 70% of bitcoin’s hash power are in China, and there have not yet been any signs that the Chinese government will wipe it out. How shameless you cowards refuse scaling on the excuse of government intervention.
If the bitcoin is confined to Tor, it is nothing different from centralization. Then, the existing value of bitcoin disappears. How many people in this world want to live in the Tor network?!
 
Chapter 4 Fear of bitcoin will separation caused by hard fork because of having no confidence in bitcoin
The weak are always in the fear of losing friends.
   Those saying no to bitcoin upgrade have another reason, that is, hard fork might result in bitcoin separation. If they want to maintain the whole bitcoin community, people of different ideas will be bounded in the same world. They are worried that some disputable upgrade of bitcoin will make bitcoin be separated into two kinds of chain.
Bitcoin is open source. Anyone can make hard fork. Why can it remain vigorous and leading among so many competitors? Below are reasons:
To most participants, to observe rules of bitcoin can bring more benefits than to damage them.
The flourishing of bitcoin is attributed to an increasing number of people joining it and adhering to its rules for the sake of benefits. These participants include miners, users and core developers. They all abide by rules of bitcoin to earn profits. Their participation in the unprecedented social practice drives the development of bitcoin.
Any potential hard fork might separate bitcoin into two chain with different rules. There might also be disagreement of benefits. A majority of participants, being interest-oriented, have to follow a major branch. Then, the other branch will either be instantly eliminated, or become an inessential existence, which is far from being powerful to threaten the major one.
Those failing to realize the great of bitcoin will support a branch of bitcoin in the hope of getting more profits in the future. However, the prerequisite for they to do so is they must hold the branch bitcoin at no costs. In fact, it is fully achievable to coin holders, if the time cost is neglected. However, any service providers in the bitcoin economic ecological circle, including exchanges, mines, miner pool, should spend money in holding the branch bitcoin. These money have opportunity cost. If the money is invested in the genuine bitcoin, great profits will be created, far more than those brought by the rule-breaking bitcoin. Without links on the economic ecosphere, to hold the branch of bitcoin is meaningless, which is thus eliminated.
On the contrary, those realizing the great of bitcoin know the only way to always get their share of profits is to create a larger interest community by attracting more people to join in it.
Likewise, the strong never have to worry about having friends or not, because they will not lose friends because of their attitude or behaviors. They know real friendship should be built on an equal exchange relationship. As long as they are committed to improving and strengthening themselves, they will harvest more and more friends.
However, the weak have fewer friends, so they are in greater fear of losing friends. In order to please their friends, they often have to accommodate themselves to them, thus being plunged to a weaker position.
It is also the same to bitcoin. Only when bitcoin becomes more great will more people be attracted to join it instead of joining its other hard fork branches, such as LTC and ETH.
As to those cowards who are blind to the great of bitcoin, hard fork is a good way to scare them away.


Chapter 5 Conclusions
Why do you refuse onchain scaling? The most direct, simple and essential answer is:
You are blind to the great of bitcoin, and you have neither confidence in bitcoin nor ambition for it.

This article is written as a response to all of you who hinder upgrade of bitcoin. Bitcoin will not develop as you wish, because it is great enough.
(For the first time to read my article, please pay attention to my WeChat Official Accounts: 闪电HSL)
 

烤猫管子销售方案
一.简述
烤猫管子是基于X24开源方案，为BE200芯片设计的矿机。
开源资料如下：
PCB文件： https://github.com/blockerupter/AM_BE200_X24
CAD: https://github.com/blockerupter/AM_Tube

二.矿机参数：
算力：单块算力板算力在200—215GH/s，整机800—850GH/s
功耗：~0.9J/GH，受环境温度影响。墙上功率因电源而异。
尺寸：整机25cmx12cmx12cm
重量：整机5.2Kg
电源接口：每块算力板1~2个6pin PCI-E接口。
算力板由控制器带动，每个控制器最多可带32块算力板。

一个整机包含以下组件：
4块算力板
4块导热硅胶垫（可选，标准配置不配）
1个或1/8个控制器（多台矿机可共享一个控制器）
1套散热片
1个风扇

通过浏览器登录192.168.0.254：8000/FlashMega 可以将固件刷新到最新的版本号（无需连接互联网）。更新完成后，你可在浏览器中键入192.168.0.254：8000登录控制界面。

组装过程中，使用螺栓将风扇固定在散热板时，不要忘记在风扇和盖子之间加上4个乳白色的垫圈。垫圈可在拧紧螺栓过程中保护PCB板。
如果不使用垫圈，或安装风扇过程中固定螺栓拧的太紧，我们发现有些算力板有弯曲，和散热片不能非常好的贴紧。这将出现不可预计的现象，接上电源后，算力板有可能损坏，也可能因为和散热片接触不良出现局部出现过热。

三.第二轮销售售价：
10台整机包括以下部件：
40块算力板
40块导热硅胶垫（可选，标准配置不配）
3个控制器（1个为冗余，理论上一个控制器可连接8台整机）
10套散热片
10个风扇
组装免费
总价：7.9BTC/10套

算力板：400块以内，0.160BTC/块。
最小发货量40块（在标准频率下每块算力板算力200~215GH/s）
导热片：0.007BTC/片。最小发货量40片。
控制器：0.069BTC/个。最小发货量2个。
散热板：0.069BTC/块。最小发货量10块。
风扇：0.014BTC/个。最小发货量10个。

大于100台整机（10组最小订单量）或400块算力板的订单，请联系Phasebird或发邮件到sale@bitquan.com。具体售价视订单量略有变化。

在第一轮售价（8月16日-8月26日）购买的用户可以获得每台0.05BTC的代金券（每10台整机0.5BTC，每块算力板0.0125BTC）
第二轮售价（8月27日-9月6日）中，在9月1日调价之前已购买的用户可获得第二轮销售价格的差价退款，退款将退到付款时用户使用的比特币地址。
所有的代金券和差价退款都只提供给直接从官方销售渠道购买的用户。

发货时间：从8月27日到9月6日。

一次购买最小发货量包括组件举例：
40块算力板
40张导热硅胶片（可选，标准配置不配）
2—4个控制器
10套散热片
10个风扇

强烈建议多购买一个或多个控制器，用于控制器损坏后备用。

1.矿机不能直接在鱼池中挖矿。如果要使用鱼池，您需要一台PC或一个树莓派通过代理挖矿，控制器需要通过代理来连接矿池。
2.现在我们可提供整机装配好发货，如果您需要整机发货，请在下单时特别注明。我们优先考虑散装发货，这样可以减少潜在的运输途中损坏。
3.控制器电源是DC12V1A，也可以使用一个AC/DC转换器替代，或者直接使用一个电源线从你的矿机供电电源上取电。
4.海外订单免运费。

原则：
1.先款后货。发货顺序按付款顺序排队。
2.形成运输单号后即不可申请退款。
3.如果运输单号没形成之前申请退款，我们提供全额退款，9月6日开始退款。（退款形式按付款形式走，如支付比特币将退比特币，支付美元将退美元）
4.免费换货原则：
1）如果用户损坏了算力板，我们将不提供换货。
2）算力板在270MHz频率下运行算力小于180GH/s，可判定为损坏。如果仅有少量芯片损坏，但在270MHz频率下运行算力达到180GH/s，我们不提供换货。
3）对于其它组件，如果无法实现其功能，我们提供换货。
5.算力板订货量超过100台整机（10组最小订单量），或者算力400块的订单，我们提供5%的冗余。如果订单损坏的算力板量小于或等于的5%。我们不提供换货，如果大于5%。请将损坏的算力板全部邮寄给我们，我们将换货超过5%的部分。
6.客户承担运费。如果是海外订单，我们报价包含运费，但如果订单不包含算力板，则不包邮。
7.我们的服务只针对直接从我们官方购买的用户（包括从我们指定的官方代理处购买）。如果您从任何其它市场购买，请联系卖家提供服务。
8.我们官方的报价是透明的，不议价。

购买流程：
1.通过论坛、邮箱、即时通信、或电话联系客服。
2.客服提供表格，请您填写订单详情（姓名/地址/邮编/电话/邮箱）。
3.客服提供付款BTC地址，请您付款。
4.我们发货前会核实您的收货联系电话。
5.如果在运单没有形成之前要求退款的，我们将在9月6日开始安排退款。

请使用你掌握私钥的比特币钱包发款，这样如果发生退款，将会更简单。

联系方式：
Bitcointalk ID: phasebird
电子邮箱：sale@bitquan.com
客服邮件：help@bitquan.com
官网：www.iasicminer.com
客服QQ/IM：1327503207 (海外)120045458 & 1327573930 (大陆地区)
请使用以上方法联系我们，我们没有开通facebook, linkedin, skype，和QQ群等。请注意。

烤猫管子销售方案
一.简述
烤猫管子是基于X24开源方案，为BE200芯片设计的矿机。
开源资料如下：
PCB文件： https://github.com/blockerupter/AM_BE200_X24
CAD: https://github.com/blockerupter/AM_Tube

二.矿机参数：
算力：单块算力板算力在200—215GH/s，整机800—850GH/s
功耗：~0.9J/GH，受环境温度影响。墙上功率因电源而异。
尺寸：整机25cmx12cmx12cm
重量：整机5.2Kg
电源接口：每块算力板1~2个6pin PCI-E接口。
算力板由控制器带动，每个控制器最多可带32块算力板。

一个整机包含以下组件：
4块算力板
4块导热硅胶垫（可选，标准配置不配）
1个或1/8个控制器（多台矿机可共享一个控制器）
1套散热片
1个风扇

通过浏览器登录192.168.0.254：8000/FlashMega 可以将固件刷新到最新的版本号（无需连接互联网）。更新完成后，你可在浏览器中键入192.168.0.254：8000登录控制界面。

组装过程中，使用螺栓将风扇固定在散热板时，不要忘记在风扇和盖子之间加上4个乳白色的垫圈。垫圈可在拧紧螺栓过程中保护PCB板。
如果不使用垫圈，或安装风扇过程中固定螺栓拧的太紧，我们发现有些算力板有弯曲，和散热片不能非常好的贴紧。这将出现不可预计的现象，接上电源后，算力板有可能损坏，也可能因为和散热片接触不良出现局部出现过热。

三.第二轮销售售价：
10台整机包括以下部件：
40块算力板
40块导热硅胶垫（可选，标准配置不配）
3个控制器（1个为冗余，理论上一个控制器可连接8台整机）
10套散热片
10个风扇
组装免费
总价：7.9BTC/10套

算力板：400块以内，0.160BTC/块。
最小发货量40块（在标准频率下每块算力板算力200~215GH/s）
导热片：0.007BTC/片。最小发货量40片。
控制器：0.069BTC/个。最小发货量2个。
散热板：0.069BTC/块。最小发货量10块。
风扇：0.014BTC/个。最小发货量10个。

大于100台整机（10组最小订单量）或400块算力板的订单，请联系Phasebird或发邮件到sale@bitquan.com。具体售价视订单量略有变化。

在第一轮售价（8月16日-8月26日）购买的用户可以获得每台0.05BTC的代金券（每10台整机0.5BTC，每块算力板0.0125BTC）
第二轮售价（8月27日-9月6日）中，在9月1日调价之前已购买的用户可获得第二轮销售价格的差价退款，退款将退到付款时用户使用的比特币地址。
所有的代金券和差价退款都只提供给直接从官方销售渠道购买的用户。

发货时间：从8月27日到9月6日。

一次购买最小发货量包括组件举例：
40块算力板
40张导热硅胶片（可选，标准配置不配）
2—4个控制器
10套散热片
10个风扇

强烈建议多购买一个或多个控制器，用于控制器损坏后备用。

1.矿机不能直接在鱼池中挖矿。如果要使用鱼池，您需要一台PC或一个树莓派通过代理挖矿，控制器需要通过代理来连接矿池。
2.现在我们可提供整机装配好发货，如果您需要整机发货，请在下单时特别注明。我们优先考虑散装发货，这样可以减少潜在的运输途中损坏。
3.控制器电源是DC12V1A，也可以使用一个AC/DC转换器替代，或者直接使用一个电源线从你的矿机供电电源上取电。
4.海外订单免运费。

原则：
1.先款后货。发货顺序按付款顺序排队。
2.形成运输单号后即不可申请退款。
3.如果运输单号没形成之前申请退款，我们提供全额退款，9月6日开始退款。（退款形式按付款形式走，如支付比特币将退比特币，支付美元将退美元）
4.免费换货原则：
1）如果用户损坏了算力板，我们将不提供换货。
2）算力板在270MHz频率下运行算力小于180GH/s，可判定为损坏。如果仅有少量芯片损坏，但在270MHz频率下运行算力达到180GH/s，我们不提供换货。
3）对于其它组件，如果无法实现其功能，我们提供换货。
5.算力板订货量超过100台整机（10组最小订单量），或者算力400块的订单，我们提供5%的冗余。如果订单损坏的算力板量小于或等于的5%。我们不提供换货，如果大于5%。请将损坏的算力板全部邮寄给我们，我们将换货超过5%的部分。
6.客户承担运费。如果是海外订单，我们报价包含运费，但如果订单不包含算力板，则不包邮。
7.我们的服务只针对直接从我们官方购买的用户（包括从我们指定的官方代理处购买）。如果您从任何其它市场购买，请联系卖家提供服务。
8.我们官方的报价是透明的，不议价。

购买流程：
1.通过论坛、邮箱、即时通信、或电话联系客服。
2.客服提供表格，请您填写订单详情（姓名/地址/邮编/电话/邮箱）。
3.客服提供付款BTC地址，请您付款。
4.我们发货前会核实您的收货联系电话。
5.如果在运单没有形成之前要求退款的，我们将在9月6日开始安排退款。

请使用你掌握私钥的比特币钱包发款，这样如果发生退款，将会更简单。

联系方式：
Bitcointalk ID: phasebird
电子邮箱：sale@bitquan.com
客服邮件：help@bitquan.com
官网：www.iasicminer.com
客服QQ/IM：1327503207 (海外)120045458 & 1327573930 (大陆地区)
请使用以上方法联系我们，我们没有开通facebook, linkedin, skype，和QQ群等。请注意。

I hope blockchain.info can buy Amazon till 2016

The points of ASICMiner official Mine machine's  launch conference
The launch conference's topical subject：Millions of Terabyte Hashrate  Times
 The opportunities and challenges of Bitcoin industry
ASICMiner invite some guests to participate in the launch conference. Here is a list of speakers.
1.The speaker, Gang Wu . The subject,  The prospect of bitcoins wallet
2.The speaker, JinHai Luo. The subject,  Multi signature applicate in the bitcoin industry
3.The speaker, LinKe Yang.The subject, Under the Millions of Terabyte Hashrate  Times, BTCC（Bitcoin China） and bitcoin industry
4.The speaker, Friedcat. The subject, Millions of Terabyte Hashrate  Times.
5.The speaker, ShiLiang Huang. The subject,  Introduction ASICMiner sales team and the offical Mine machine situation.
6.Q&A
7.The speaker, Yuan Zhong. The subject,  Find the middle forces under the Millions of Terabyte Hashrate  Times.
7.The speaker, Chang Liu. The subject, Introduction The Bitcoiner venture fund.
8.The speaker, GuoPan Li. The subject,  Bitcoin environmental analysis.

The points of Friedcat's subject.
1.How the miners make to profit under the hashrate growth conditions.
2.Introduce the chip AM BE200
3.Introduce the chip AM BE300
4.Introduce the chip AM BE（X）
5.Seek cooperation with others, include join in mining cooperation, trade hashrate
6.Hiring.

The points of  Introduction ASICMiner sales team and the offical Mine machine situation.
1.The sales plan——Direct marketing (MOQ>10)and agency.
2.The sales policy——In stock, No presale, The first payment and then shipped.
3.How to become an agent——first, You apply, then we examine, third, siging the contract, last, cooperation.
4.The warranty principle——72 hours can change. 90 days' warrenty. 180 days' original cost of repair. Big orders provide hashrate redundancy.
5.Online marketing——official website, Weibo, Twitter, official's Bitcointalk post.
6.The model mine farm——in ShenZhen JiangSu and BeiJing.
7.Starting price——RMB3XXX， hashrate>1T.
8. Upcoming.