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德国宪法保卫局发布年度安全报告
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Topic: 德国宪法保卫局发布年度安全报告 (Read 446 times)
msc_de
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德国宪法保卫局发布年度安全报告
July 05, 2015, 05:02:12 PM
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德国宪法保卫局发布年度安全报告
德国宪法保护2014年度报告指出,去年有右翼背景的暴力事件有所增加,其中针对难民营的袭击事件增幅尤其明显。
(德国之声中文网)德国内政部长基民盟政治家托马斯·德迈奇埃表示,去年有右翼背景的暴力事件增加了24%。新近发表的宪法保护报告称,去年总共发生了990起有右翼背景的暴力事件,其中排外暴力事件达到了破纪录的512起。德国内政部长表示,以难民营为目标的刑事案件多达170起,是前年的三倍。
"恐惧的氛围"
德迈奇埃表示,这些暴力袭击事件在相关地区营造了一种"恐惧的氛围"。德迈奇埃说,帮助难民的市长和志愿者遭恐吓的现象是绝对不可容忍的,也绝对不可以对针对难民营的暴力行为视而不见。德迈奇埃说,我们必须对上述行为旗帜鲜明地表明立场。
联邦宪法保护局负责人汉斯乔治·马森说,极右分子的策略是挑动民众的不安情绪,对民间反伊斯兰化的活动进行渗透和施加影响。
极右恐怖主义在行动
德梅奇埃和马森均表示,破获"老学校协会"是一次重大的胜利。目前联邦检察院正在对该协会就组建恐怖主义组织的嫌疑展开调查。据称,该组织曾计划对清真寺和难民营采取袭击行动。
宪法保卫局是通过网络聊天软件"WhatsApp"发现该组织线索的。德迈奇埃表示,"在侦破这起案件的过程中,联邦和各州的合作非常成功。"他强调,这次侦破工作的成功也说明宪法保卫部门吸取了"国家社会主义地下运动"案件中种种失误的教训。当年,由于各联邦州宪法保卫部门出现严重工作失误,相互间又缺乏沟通,使得案件拖延很久才被破获。
左翼暴力势头也令人担忧
宪法保卫年度报告中同时也指出,极左势力圈内崇尚暴力的趋势也日益明显。德迈奇埃以法兰克福欧洲中央银行新总部落成典礼期间发生的骚乱为例说明这一势头的严重性。他表示:极左分子毫不掩饰他们的破坏欲和对暴力行为的欣赏。德迈奇埃说:"他们所作所为的野蛮程度让我感到震惊。"
报告书指出,极左暴力一个新的重点地区是莱比锡。就在六月初,一个人数众多的极左团伙曾发起骚乱,他们设置路障,投掷石块。德迈奇埃说,莱比锡克纳维茨区的警署2014年二月建立以后,已经遭到极左分子16次袭击。极左分子往往以警员和救援人员为袭击目标。
防不胜防的网络袭击
报告书中说,从叙利亚和伊拉克返回德国的前武装人员也对德国内政安全构成了极大的威胁。宪法保卫局称,这些人的数量大约为700人。此外,德国境内还有大约7500名伊斯兰原教旨主义者,而2011年他们的人数还只有3800人。宪法保卫局负责人马森表示:"种种迹象显示,德国社会还不能有效地控制极端主义的滋生。"他表示,尽管安全机构高度戒备 ,但并不能完全排除在德国发生恐怖袭击的可能。
德国联邦议院遭到网络袭击的事实证明,捍卫因特网安全几乎是一个不可完成的使命。马森说,安全机构每天通过技术手段抵御数百次对联邦政府网络发起的攻击。部分网络袭击来自其他国家的情报部门,其中以俄罗斯,中国以及伊朗为主。他表示,通过 "棱镜计划"等丑闻,德国安全部门吸取了教训,开始对所有国家情报机构在德国境内的活动展开全方位监控,其中也包括盟友的情报活动。此外,联邦宪法保卫局还加强了"电子袭击"部门的工作力度。马森同时表示:没有理由担心美国情报部门会窃取德国公民的信息,"因为这种担心没有根据。"
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