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去火星要堵车?三年后,火星“通道”急需交通管制
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Topic: 去火星要堵车?三年后,火星“通道”急需交通管制 (Read 173 times)
vincent440
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去火星要堵车?三年后,火星“通道”急需交通管制
February 28, 2017, 06:46:18 AM
#1
【环球时报—环球网报道 记者 郭孝伟】“飞往火星”是近年来世界各国最时髦的太空计划。由于火星每26个月才会接近地球一次,这也是宇宙飞船前往火星的最好时机。下一个火星与地球接近的日期将是2021年2月,因此2020年7月到8月之间,是准备飞往火星的宇宙飞船的最佳出发日期。近年来,美、俄、中、印度、日本甚至阿联酋等国,以及众多新兴的私营宇航公司都计划在2020年向火星发射宇宙飞船。由此,科学家们遇到了一个问题:众多宇宙飞船在如此短的时间内密集发射,会不会互相干扰甚至碰撞呢?一些科学家表示,迫切需要制定一个计划,前往火星之路需要交通管制。
据美国“大众机械”网站24日报道,目前,欧洲和中国都已经制定了2020年发射火星探测飞船的计划,欧洲航天局(ESA)还将释放火星着陆器,中国计划2020年发射火星探测器和着陆器,印度准备发射第二个火星探测器,阿联酋声称要做“第一个探测火星的阿拉伯国家”。美国宇航局(NASA)更早就制定了火星探测计划,美国私营宇航公司SpaceX也想在2020年向火星发射龙飞船。现在的火星上空已有8个正在运行的火星探测器,加上这些新的“火星舰队”,火星上空的轨道将变得非常拥挤,这些飞船不仅可能互相碰撞,而且它们还可能与火星的卫星“火卫一”相撞。“火卫一”距离火星仅约6000千米,而且还在往火星靠近,与人类火星探测器的轨道高度十分接近。
通常,各国发射飞船前都会有设定好的轨道,以避免互相碰撞。但向遥远的火星上空发射如此多的探测飞船显然比发射绕地球的宇宙飞船更复杂。更大的问题是如何管理与这些探测飞船的通讯联系。目前NASA的深空通讯网络(DSN)是地球上最大,也是通讯距离最远的星际通讯网络,它不仅能够与航行于太阳系内各探测器联系,还能接收已飞出太阳系外的探测器的信息。这些遥远的探测器都需要精确的导航指令来调整飞行轨道和姿态以避免发生意外。
当众多飞船2021年到达火星上空时,他们中的大多数可能都必须依赖NASA的深空通讯网络(DSN)来与地球联系。为此,NASA已经开始制定火星空中交通管制计划。届时,来自多国超过10个火星探测飞船一起造访火星,人类除了期待新的火星发现外,遥远星空的交通和信息管制也是很有挑战的事。NASA火星探测计划主任詹姆斯瓦金在最近的一次火星探测计划会议上称,DSN必须及早因应2021年人类火星大探索需要的庞大信息量,各种设备必须尽快升级,“我们必须制定一个有效的计划来应对,现在就必须展开工作。我认为这是可行的,但它更是一个具有挑战性的工作。”
danishcookie
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Re: 去火星要堵车?三年后,火星“通道”急需交通管制
February 28, 2017, 07:50:50 AM
#2
搞笑,有谁去火星了
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