Stability and Solvability of Exchanges

I wonder if there are analyses made or good articles written about the stability and solvability of the coin exchanges. One can say that the whole coin market is an ever growing shadow economy in which an awful lot of money is being pumped around.

The in- and outflow of money is handled by a handful of exchanges (even less when you count the exchanges that enables you to withdraw in euros or dollars).

How stable and solvable is the system in case of a stampede? What will happen with fees, transaction times or exchanges going out of order or getting bankrupt?

I mean the music is playing and everybody is enjoying the dance. But somewhere we all know that the herd will press the pause button at a certain moment in time...what then? Is the system capable of handling such a stampede?