What is the solution to current problems do not happen more:

[rramires]

I believe it should be the obligation of bitcoin foundation maintained with donation of key stakeholders (exchanges, large pool miners, etc.)
Considerable increase in technical crew
Creation of a "core" bitcoin, that can withstand the volume to be used in trade.
Maintenance and testing of the same, with each update of the protocol.
Creating a certification that the exchange uses this core, with code inspection by technical foundation and with a verifiable link for final user.
(This exchange is in accordance with the security parameters of the BTC Foundation)

Exchanges should maintain a fund that is accessed only with 75% of passwords of members to solve problems up to a certain value in the event of insolvency.
Example: Guaranteed to 10BTC if the exchange fails. How do most banks connected to a central bank.

[Meuh6879]

no safe measure.
retrieve to local bitcoin-QT wallet is the ONLY SOLUTION EVER.

[grifferz]

You will always need to exercise caution and not treat exchanges like banks.

But some work on auditing, verified deposits and decentralised exchanges will also help confidence on the BTC side.