Bitcoin Forum
September 01, 2024, 11:20:21 PM
Welcome,
Guest
. Please
login
or
register
.
News
: Latest Bitcoin Core release:
27.1
[
Torrent
]
Home
Help
Search
Login
Register
More
Bitcoin Forum
>
Local
>
中文 (Chinese)
>
离题万里
>
路边传单:我凭什么相信你
Pages: [
1
]
« previous topic
next topic »
Print
Author
Topic: 路边传单:我凭什么相信你 (Read 70 times)
mudsadji
(OP)
Member
Offline
Activity: 64
Merit: 10
路边传单:我凭什么相信你
January 06, 2018, 01:45:47 AM
#1
每天上下班的路上,总会碰上一些年轻人在路边散发传单,“不好意思,打扰您一下,这是某某健身房的优惠券,办一张年卡只需要398元,超级划算”,诸如此类。看到这些年轻人在凛冽的寒风中,从早晨辛苦地吆喝到傍晚,却递不出几张传单去,也颇让人心疼。但是仅凭在大街上随便看看你的传单,就让别人花钱去办卡,凭什么让我相信你呢?
这几年人们的警惕性确实提高了不少,这也难怪,看看那些临街的店铺,一年半载的就有可能易主,你刚在这家美容店办了张优惠卡,再去的时候变成了干洗店。存在卡里的钱取不出,消费者只好去维权。最常见的就是把记者叫来,大家七嘴八舌地诉说遭遇,记者打电话采访店家,回应往往是一句“您拨打的号码是空号”,消费者真是欲哭无泪。
人们在消费中保持一定的警惕性是应该的,不过将其发展到对周围的人和事物均持怀疑态度,则有些反应过度了。这些年来行骗者不少,不过“无商不奸”的古训,也有深广的影响,而且这一点还可以从古代法律中得到佐证,比如在明朝的法律中,就有在粮食中掺水掺沙,比照在官盐中掺水掺沙进行处罚的规定,这似乎从反面印证了“奸商”的存在。商业社会中虽然不乏奸诈的商人,但“无商不奸”则难免有以偏概全之虞。
其实从浩瀚的古史中,要找出正面或反面的例子都是很容易的。总体来看,中国历代王朝所普遍采行的多是重农抑商政策,加上儒家重义轻利的观念,商人逐利似乎天然具有一种道德上的瑕疵。不过,尽管有重税、科举考试等方面“困辱”商人的政策,使得古代商品经济欠发达,但仍阻止不了商业文化的发展。而一个行业的存在,必然需要从内部形成一些自律和自我运行的机制。试想如果真正是无商不奸、每个商人做的都是“一锤子买卖”的话,商业自身很快就会萎缩以至消弭,根本无需外力的摧毁。在古代政府打压、法律规制、社会困辱的大环境下,仍然有如清明上河图中那样的市场祥和与繁荣,这与大部分商人能够公平买卖、诚实经营、恪守商业信用有很大的关系。
商业贸易离不开资金的周转与流通。所以,即便是前现代时期,金融行业即银铺或银号的信用,也具有特别重要的意义和价值。银号的业务主要是兑换银钱、存放款。曾在社科院哲学所研究员王毅先生的文章《中国走向公民社会的困难、可能与路径选择》中,读到齐如山先生在《北平怀旧》中的一个故事。文章介绍,在清末时,北京城里信誉最高的金融机构是恒和、恒利、恒裕、恒源这“四大恒”。同治末年,四恒之一的恒和银号关门歇业了,但他有许多银票还在外边流通着,一时收不回来。彼时没有报纸,无处登广告,只好用梅红纸半张,印明该银号已歇业,所有银票,请去兑现等字样,在大道及各城镇中贴出,俾人周知。然而仍然有许多票子未能回来,但为了信用,只好在四牌楼西边路北,租了一间门面房,挂上了一个钱幌子,不做生意,专门等候人来兑现。如此者等了20年才关门。恒和银号对社会伦理和商业伦理准则的恪守,到了其“恒”如此的程度,王毅认为这的确是我们民族“自生社会”曾经育出的果实。
这些“东家”们之所以如此自律,也与其时社会的相对较少流动有关。正如费孝通先生在《乡土中国》中为我们提供的分析框架那样,在熟人社会里,礼俗、德行是人际交往的基石,而在陌生的工商社会中,商业往来中对诺言的践履,则主要靠法律制度的制约。一位在美国的朋友给我讲过她亲身经历的故事。前些年,她在一家经营中国家具的店里买了一套红木家具,老板是中国人。按照美国法律的规定,销售出去的商品均可无理由退货。在购买家具时,朋友问商家将来是否可以无条件退货时,导购员答应说没问题。后来因为要买与家具配套的凳子时,发现家具有开裂的可能,朋友心里觉得疙疙瘩瘩的,于是要求退货。然而原来热情的导购及老板都立马变了脸,她打过去的电话老板一概拒接。于是朋友给她的信用卡公司打电话说明情况,并将写有退货且退钱的购物单传真过去,很快信用卡公司就把购物款返回到了她的账上。过了两月,商店老板派人将家具拉了回去,因为如果他不拉的话,损失的只能是他自己。
如此看来,在美国这样高度商业化的社会里,人们之间的交易往来并不是靠彼此的了解和信任,而是靠一套完善和健全的制度。假如在工商社会中的交易,只能寄希望于遇到“四大恒”那样的东家时,交易成本无疑会大幅增加,而许多交易也将无法进行。所以当我们遇到在路边搞促销的商家时,油然而起的不信任是很正常的。因为只有构建一种完善的制度,营造出让制度正常运行的氛围,凭此,才能成为人们互信的基础。
Pages: [
1
]
Print
Bitcoin Forum
>
Local
>
中文 (Chinese)
>
离题万里
>
路边传单:我凭什么相信你
« previous topic
next topic »
Jump to:
Please select a destination:
-----------------------------
Bitcoin
-----------------------------
=> Bitcoin Discussion
===> Legal
===> Press
===> Meetups
===> Important Announcements
=> Development & Technical Discussion
===> Wallet software
=====> Electrum
=====> Bitcoin Wallet for Android
=====> BitcoinJ
=====> Armory
=====> Mycelium
=====> Hardware wallets
=> Mining
===> Mining support
===> Pools
===> Mining software (miners)
===> Hardware
=====> Group buys
===> Mining speculation
=> Bitcoin Technical Support
=> Project Development
-----------------------------
Economy
-----------------------------
=> Economics
===> Speculation
=> Marketplace
===> Goods
=====> Computer hardware
=====> Digital goods
=======> Invites & Accounts
=====> Collectibles
===> Services
===> Currency exchange
===> Gambling
=====> Games and rounds
=====> Investor-based games
=====> Gambling discussion
===> Lending
=====> Long-term offers
===> Securities
===> Auctions
===> Service Announcements
=====> Micro Earnings
===> Service Discussion
=====> Web Wallets
=====> Exchanges
=> Trading Discussion
===> Scam Accusations
===> Reputation
-----------------------------
Other
-----------------------------
=> Meta
===> New forum software
===> Bitcoin Wiki
=> Politics & Society
=> Beginners & Help
=> Off-topic
=> Serious discussion
===> Ivory Tower
=> Archival
===> Корзина
===> CPU/GPU Bitcoin mining hardware
===> Chinese students
===> Obsolete (buying)
===> Obsolete (selling)
===> MultiBit
-----------------------------
Alternate cryptocurrencies
-----------------------------
=> Altcoin Discussion
=> Announcements (Altcoins)
===> Tokens (Altcoins)
=> Mining (Altcoins)
===> Pools (Altcoins)
=> Marketplace (Altcoins)
===> Service Announcements (Altcoins)
===> Service Discussion (Altcoins)
===> Bounties (Altcoins)
=> Speculation (Altcoins)
-----------------------------
Local
-----------------------------
=> العربية (Arabic)
===> العملات البديلة (Altcoins)
=====> النقاشات
===> إستفسارات و أسئلة المبتدئين
===> التعدين
===> النقاشات الأخرى
===> منصات التبادل
=> Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian)
===> Marketplace (Bahasa Indonesia)
===> Mining (Bahasa Indonesia)
===> Altcoins (Bahasa Indonesia)
===> Trading dan Spekulasi
===> Ekonomi, Politik, dan Budaya
===> Topik Lainnya
=> Español (Spanish)
===> Mercado y Economía
=====> Servicios
=====> Trading y especulación
===> Hardware y Minería
===> Esquina Libre
===> Mercadillo
=====> Mexico
=====> Argentina
=====> España
=====> Centroamerica y Caribe
===> Primeros pasos y ayuda
===> Altcoins (criptomonedas alternativas)
=====> Minería de altcoins
=====> Servicios
=====> Tokens (Español)
=> 中文 (Chinese)
===> 跳蚤市场
===> 山寨币
===> 媒体
===> 挖矿
===> 离题万里
=> Hrvatski (Croatian)
===> Trgovina
===> Altcoins (Hrvatski)
=====> Announcements (Hrvatski)
===> Off-topic (Hrvatski)
=> Deutsch (German)
===> Anfänger und Hilfe
===> Mining (Deutsch)
===> Trading und Spekulation
===> Projektentwicklung
===> Off-Topic (Deutsch)
===> Treffen
===> Presse
===> Altcoins (Deutsch)
=====> Announcements (Deutsch)
===> Marktplatz
=====> Auktionen
=====> Suche
=====> Biete
=> Ελληνικά (Greek)
===> Αγορά
===> Mining Discussion (Ελληνικά)
===> Altcoins (Ελληνικά)
=====> Altcoin Announcements (Ελληνικά)
=====> Altcoin Mining (Ελληνικά)
=> עברית (Hebrew)
=> Français
===> Actualité et News
===> Débutants
===> Discussions générales et utilisation du Bitcoin
===> Mining et Hardware
===> Économie et spéculation
===> Place de marché
=====> Échanges
=====> Produits et services
=====> Petites annonces
===> Le Bitcoin et la loi
===> Wiki, documentation et traduction
===> Développement et technique
===> Vos sites et projets
===> Hors-sujet
===> Altcoins (Français)
=====> Annonces
=> India
===> Mining (India)
===> Marketplace (India)
===> Regional Languages (India)
===> Press & News from India
===> Alt Coins (India)
===> Buyer/ Seller Reputations (India)
===> Off-Topic (India)
=> Italiano (Italian)
===> Guide (Italiano)
===> Progetti
===> Discussioni avanzate e sviluppo
===> Trading, analisi e speculazione
===> Mercato
=====> Mercato valute
=====> Beni
=====> Servizi
=====> Esercizi commerciali
=====> Hardware/Mining (Italiano)
=====> Gambling (Italiano)
===> Accuse scam/truffe
===> Mining (Italiano)
===> Alt-Currencies (Italiano)
=====> Annunci
===> Raduni/Meeting (Italiano)
===> Crittografia e decentralizzazione
===> Off-Topic (Italiano)
=> 日本語 (Japanese)
===> アルトコイン
=> Nederlands (Dutch)
===> Markt
===> Gokken/lotterijen
===> Mining (Nederlands)
===> Beurzen
===> Alt Coins (Nederlands)
===> Off-topic (Nederlands)
===> Meetings (Nederlands)
=> Nigeria (Naija)
===> Politics and society (Naija)
===> Off-topic (Naija)
=> 한국어 (Korean)
===> 대체코인 Alt Coins (한국어)
=> Pilipinas
===> Altcoins (Pilipinas)
=====> Altcoin Announcements (Pilipinas)
===> Pamilihan
===> Others (Pilipinas)
=> Polski
===> Tablica ogłoszeń
===> Alternatywne kryptowaluty
=====> Nowe kryptowaluty i tokeny
=====> Tablica ogłoszeń (altcoiny)
=> Português (Portuguese)
===> Primeiros Passos (Iniciantes)
===> Economia & Mercado
===> Mineração em Geral
===> Desenvolvimento & Discussões Técnicas
===> Criptomoedas Alternativas
===> Brasil
===> Portugal
=> Русский (Russian)
===> Новички
===> Бизнес
=====> Барахолка
=====> Обменники
===> Идеи
===> Кодеры
===> Майнеры
===> Политика
===> Трейдеры
===> Альтернативные криптовалюты
=====> Токены
=====> Бayнти и aиpдpoпы
===> Хайпы
===> Работа
===> Разное
===> Oбcyждeниe Bitcoin
=====> Новости
=====> Юристы
=> Română (Romanian)
===> Anunturi importante
===> Offtopic
===> Market
=====> Discutii Servicii
===> Minerit
===> Tutoriale
===> Bine ai venit!
===> Presa
===> Altcoins (Monede Alternative)
=====> Anunturi Monede Alternative
=> Skandinavisk
=> Türkçe (Turkish)
===> Bitcoin Haberleri
===> Pazar Alanı
===> Madencilik
===> Ekonomi
===> Servisler
=====> Fonlar
===> Proje Geliştirme
===> Alternatif Kripto-Paralar
=====> Madencilik (Alternatif Kripto-Paralar)
=====> Duyurular (Alternatif Kripto-Paralar)
===> Konu Dışı
===> Yeni Başlayanlar & Yardım
===> Buluşmalar
=> Other languages/locations
Loading...