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保丢不保损”不能成为快递潜规则
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Topic: 保丢不保损”不能成为快递潜规则 (Read 83 times)
hanley88
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保丢不保损”不能成为快递潜规则
March 01, 2018, 04:04:23 AM
#1
寄快件丢失了有赔付,快件损坏了却不赔付?最近,成都市民李丽(化名)就遭遇了这样的情况。家人通过某快递公司寄来6罐奶粉,收货后她发现一罐奶粉的包装破损,当她跟快递公司协商,却被告知快件“保丢不保损”是行业规矩,不能得到任何赔偿。对此,快递行业人士表示,在没有投保的情况下,消费者的快件遇到损坏,由于责任划分困难、赔偿尚无统一标准等原因,消费者很难得到相应赔偿。(2月28日《华西都市报》)
近些年随着电商经济的崛起,我国快递业发展迅速,快递已成为人们生活中必不可少的一部分,越来越多的消费者在邮寄贵重物品时往往会选择保价,以期在快递丢件或破损时获得相应的保价赔付。然而,几乎成为快递业行规的“保丢不保损”条款,却成为横亘在广大消费者面前的一堵隐形权利保护高墙,令人无奈和遗憾。
问题是,真的如行业人士所言,消费者寄递快件过程中如果不保价,出现损坏、损失等,就得按快递业“保丢不保损”行规,消费者得不到赔偿?答案显然是否定的。
快递业“保丢不保损”一说或者说格式合同,减轻了其所要承担的责任,却加重了消费者的负担,显失公平,因而也就没有法律效力。因为快递业的行规不可能超越法律之上,不能取代邮政法、合同法、消费者权益保障法等规定。
我国《邮政法》第47条规定:邮政企业对给据邮件的损失依照下列规定赔偿:(一)保价的给据邮件丢失或者全部损毁的,按照保价额赔偿;部分损毁或者内件短少的,按照保价额与邮件全部价值的比例对邮件的实际损失予以赔偿。(二)未保价的给据邮件丢失、损毁或者内件短少的,按照实际损失赔偿,但最高赔偿额不超过所收取资费的三倍。可见在邮发快递过程中,不管消费者有没有保价,只要是由于快递企业原因造成快件损失损害的,快递企业都负有承担损失赔偿的责任和义务。
《消费者权益保护法》规定,消费者因购买、使用商品或者接受服务受到人身、财产损害的,享有依法获得赔偿的权利。经营者向消费者提供商品或者服务,应当恪守社会公德,诚信经营,保障消费者的合法权益;不得设定不公平、不合理的交易条件。由此也不难看出,快递业不管是口头或是书面,都不能单方面设立不公平的服务条款,比如“保丢不保损”。也因此,快递业的“保丢不保损”规定虽然是行业普遍规则,但同样违法和没有法律效力,快件运送过程中出现损失损坏,相关快递企业一样得负赔偿责任。
同时根据我国《合同法》《侵权责任法》等法律法规的规定及司法解释,快递业“保丢不保损”行规都是不公平、违法和站不住脚的霸王条款,依法理应被制止和打击。
固然,快递丢失、损坏都是小概率事件,但快递公司提出“保丢不保损”行规条款,在个案上的表现是消费者心有委屈,快递公司落得轻松;但从深层来看,这不仅明显损害了具体消费者利益,更大大降低了快递业的诚信度。而在快递业发展的大环境下,这会降低消费者对快递业的期望,制约快递业进一步的大发展和盈利空间。小问题连着大发展。也因此,如何确保快递消费者快件丢失、损坏时得到科学合理及时补偿,也就成为一件急迫的大事。
公平面前无小事。快递业的健康发展,有赖于经营者自觉,有赖于广大消费者理性面对依法维权,更有赖于职能部门科学管理,监管得法。面对任何一个“潜规则”盛行的行业,只有消费者较真,更关键的是相关监管部门积极作为,行业陋习、霸王条款才会松动瓦解和扭转,行业服务新规定、新气象才会生根发芽。
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