The basic idea of btc mining is, that every 10 minutes a block should be solved, after 2016 solved blocks, the difficulty has to be adjusted, because the more processing power someone put into the network, the faster the blocks get solved. Normally it should take 14 days to the next adjustment, but due to the processing power increasing it took everytime only 10-13days in the last year.
To get more knowledge about the terms: difficulty, blocks, etc please read the inofficial bitcoin wiki:
https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/MiningTo calculate your earnings, you have to use a difficulty calculator:
http://www.evolyn.net/bitcoin/mining_calc.php or:
http://btcinvest.net/de/bitcoin-mining-profit-calculator.phpYou have to know, the times were you made big money out of mining are gone, too many fishes in the sea, it´s profitable for the sellers of ASIC Hardware and for those with near zero electrical costs, or big mining facilities, but not for the "small homeminer" anymore.
Like I always said: Just buy coins instead.