Data embedding and hashing

A couple of basic questions here for a little project ive been thinking about. Data is provided at "nodes" which can output readings in hexadecimal. I want know if it possible to encode these hex readings onto a chain using bitcoin protocol. Would it be possible to adjust hashing power based on this? The main goals would be to:

Ensure data collection taken from each node should have integrity.

Keep readings in sync on the network at a constant rate wtih time stamping

Be able to extract encoded data from the chain, allowing identification of anomalies or issues with a node (did a node output an unusal hex value?)

Does this sound feasible at all or is there a better approach for achieving these goals on the blockchain?

Note: This would be on a closed network and simply make use of blockchain tech to achieve the above goals.