Lets say i'm using electrum wallet and did a couple of transactions. Some change get send to new addresses.
I then lose access to the wallet.dat file and I need to recover the bitcoins using the seed from setting up the wallet.
Is the change also available through this seed? Or are they on new private keys that are only accessible through the wallet.dat file?
There's not wallet.dat for electrum (afaik). And yes, the change addresses are also generated with the seed you got from electrum, so no worries
Edit:
If i understand everything correctly, electrum will start generating addresses based on your seed, it will always make sure there are at least 'x' unused addresses. So when you restore the wallet from seed, electrum keeps on generating addresses with your seed untill it has 'x' unused addresses, generating the change addresses in the meantime (they're all used offcourse, since they contain change)