Does mining bitcoins from a device consume a lot of electricity when left online?
This is a weird and partly incomplete question
1) it's allmost impossible to mine when you're offline... Theoretically, you could mine a block using pen and paper, but in reality, it's next to impossible to do so
2) you could
theoretically mine using a raspberry pi using a couple of watts, or use your cellphone... Only on average it'll take several thousands of years to find a block.... If you want to have a decent chance, you'll need to buy an ASIC, and those things do use a lot of enegery
Here are two lists of devices you could mine with, with an indication of their power usage;
https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Mining_hardware_comparisonhttps://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Non-specialized_hardware_comparisonThis being said, unless you have really, really, really cheap electricity, you could only make a little profit using the very latest gear.
EDIT: just to prove it's a bad idear to mine with your phone or a rPi, i calculated how long it would take with a cortex-A9 (common cellphone CPU)
http://www.coinwarz.com/calculators/bitcoin-mining-calculator/?h=0.00057&p=0.5&pc=0.01&pf=1&d=286765766820.55000000&r=12.50000000&er=770.69000000&hc=0.00At current diff, on average, it would take you 68.518.161 years (YES, that's 68,5 MILLION years) to find a 12.5
BTC block (only, by the time you'll find a block, there probably will only be fees, the block reward will be 0).
Next to this, even when using allmost free power (1cent/Kwu), you'll still burn 4 cents/year in power * 68 million = 2.7 million USD. And you'll probably have to replace your phone several million times

This theoretical example was made with current diff, block reward and btc price... These things will change over time, so my calculation will not be correct (it'll probably be way to optimistic)