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最高法发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例
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Topic: 最高法发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例 (Read 254 times)
uichain
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最高法发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例
May 15, 2017, 12:25:04 PM
#1
5月15日,最高人民法院召开新闻通气会,发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例,涉及信用证开证、股权转让合同、居间合同、独立保函、海域污染损害赔偿、海上货物运输合同、承认和执行外国仲裁裁决、承认和执行外国商事判决等案件,都是“一带一路”建设中常见的纠纷类型,案件所涉的法律问题均具有很强的代表性。
最高人民法院民四庭副庭长刘敬东说,在最高人民法院的监督指导下,各级人民法院深刻认识到肩负的神圣职责,主动服务和融入“一带一路”建设进程,依法行使管辖权,准确适用国际条约和国际惯例,公正高效地审结了一批涉“一带一路”建设的案件,为“一带一路”建设提供了有力的司法服务和保障。
案例一
准确适用合同解释原则
明晰提单持有人的权利性质
——中国建设银行股份有限公司广州荔湾支行与广东蓝粤能源发展有限公司等信用证开证纠纷再审案
【基本案情】
建行广州荔湾支行与蓝粤能源公司于2011年12月签订了《贸易融资额度合同》及《关于开立信用证的特别约定》等相关附件,约定该行向蓝粤能源公司提供不超过5.5亿元的贸易融资额度,包括开立等值额度的远期信用证。粤东电力等担保人签订了保证合同等。2012年11月,蓝粤能源公司向建行广州荔湾支行申请开立8592万元的远期信用证。为开立信用证,蓝粤能源公司向建行广州荔湾支行出具了《信托收据》,并签订了《保证金质押合同》。《信托收据》确认自收据出具之日起,建行广州荔湾支行即取得上述信用证项下所涉单据和货物的所有权,建行广州荔湾支行为委托人和受益人,蓝粤能源公司为信托货物的受托人。信用证开立后,蓝粤能源公司进口了164998吨煤炭。建行广州荔湾支行承兑了信用证并付款人民币84867952.27元。建行荔湾支行履行开证和付款义务后,取得了包括本案所涉提单在内的全套单据。蓝粤能源公司因经营状况恶化而未能付款赎单,故建行荔湾支行在本案审理过程中仍持有提单及相关单据。提单项下的煤炭因其他纠纷被广西防城港市港口区人民法院查封。建行广州荔湾支行向广东省广州市中级人民法院提起本案诉讼,请求判令蓝粤能源公司清偿信用证项下本金人民币84867952.27元及利息;确认信用证项下164998吨煤炭属建行广州荔湾支行所有,并对处置提单项下煤炭所获价款有优先受偿权;粤东电力等担保人承担担保责任。
【裁判结果】
广东省广州市中级人民法院一审判决支持建行广州荔湾支行关于蓝粤能源公司还本付息以及担保人承担相应担保责任的诉请,但以信托收据及提单交付不能对抗第三人为由,驳回建行广州荔湾支行关于请求确认煤炭所有权以及优先受偿权的诉讼请求。建行广州荔湾支行不服一审判决驳回所有权及优先受偿权诉请的判项,提起上诉。广东省高级人民法院二审判决驳回上诉,维持一审判决。建行广州荔湾支行不服二审判决,向最高人民法院申请再审,最高人民法院提审本案。
最高人民法院再审认为,提单具有债权凭证和所有权凭证双重属性,但并不意味着谁持有提单谁就当然对提单项下货物享有所有权。对于提单持有人而言,其能否取得物权以及取得何种物权,取决于当事人之间的合同约定。建行广州荔湾支行履行了开证及付款义务并取得信用证项下的提单,但是由于当事人之间没有移转货物所有权的意思表示,故不能认为建行广州荔湾支行取得提单即取得提单项下货物的所有权。《信托收据》内容是以让与提单项下货物所有权来提供担保,让与担保因不符合物权法定原则,不能产生物权效力,而让与担保明显区别于动产质押或权利质押,故《信托收据》亦不应作为认定设立提单权利质押的合同依据。由于《关于开立信用证的特别约定》约定蓝粤能源公司违约时,建行广州荔湾支行享有担保权利并有权处分信用证项下单据及货物,因此根据合同整体解释以及信用证交易的特点,表明当事人关于担保权利和处分权的真实意思表示包括设定提单质押的权利。本案符合权利质押设立所须具备的书面质押合同和物权公示两项要件,建行广州荔湾支行作为提单持有人,享有提单权利质权。据此,最高人民法院于2015年10月19日作出再审判决,改判确认建行广州荔湾支行对案涉信用证项下提单对应货物处置所得价款享有优先受偿权。
Wordsworths
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Re: 最高法发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例
May 15, 2017, 01:37:48 PM
#2
判的公正!,不错。
Ashburas
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Re: 最高法发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例
May 15, 2017, 01:43:22 PM
#3
一带一路很不错嘛
fateakt
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Re: 最高法发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例
May 15, 2017, 02:31:33 PM
#4
很不错的政策
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最高法发布人民法院涉“一带一路”建设10起典型案例
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