The easiest way to reduce your risk of scams is to use 2 simple filters:
1) HAS THE PROJECT BUILT ANYTHING THAT YOU CAN USE TODAY? If no, move on. EVERYTHING ELSE IS USELESS: Team, fancy (pretentious) titles, references, roadmap, video, fancy animations, escrow, blogs, Slack, Telegram, Twitter, Facebook and white paper.
Many projects have these and they cannot prove that they can build anything. Writing software needs much more skill, work and time than anything else in their project. Several projects had great profiles, raised multiple millions and still haven't delivered any software.
EOS raised $230 million and said that they were going to release something by end of summer. Nothing yet. With $230 million, EOS should have solved world hunger by now.
Gnosis raised $12.5 million and their website says that they are releasing their game by first half of 2017. Nothing yet.
Qtum raised $15.6 million. I don't see anything produced on Qtum's website.
After raising $50 million,
Cosmos's website is still pitching its white paper. Come on. What have they produced with that $50 million?
MobileGo raised $53 million. Here's the roadmap from their white paper:
May - June: Gamecredits Mobile Store Public Launch
May - June: Gamecredits accepted for mobile store games and in- game content purchases
July - August: first centralized tournaments on platform
However, I don't see any of that on their website. They're mainly bragging about how their token is on exchanges. What are they doing? Day-trading their own token?
2) IS THE TEAM FROM A CORRUPT COUNTRY? If yes, move on. In corrupt countries, ethics and honesty are more lax, which means that they will have a higher tendency to exaggerate or lie.
https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016There are ICOs coming from countries that sent out thousands of phishing scams in past years. Why would you take the risk of investing in ICOs from those countries?
Also, avoid any ICO endorsed by Paris Hilton or Floyd Mayweather...unless they can explain what Raiden, Lightning Network, POW/POS/POI and Segwit are.