So what happends if I somewhere type in a wrong character, or dont type in a correct space?
If you type wrong characters in the command itself... like:
waletpaassphrse 12345 1
You'll simply get a "Method not found" error. Nothing bad will happen.
Also, the newer versions of Bitcoin Core actually have "text prediction" as you type, that shows a list of commands that start with the same letters and you can just select the one you want:
If I, for example, should try with the password 12345, is it then correct that i type in the following (and after that hit enter):
walletpassphrase 12345 1
Or is the last number (1) a command that tell me I shall hit enter?
The format for the command is:
walletpassphrase "your-pass-phrase" number-of-seconds-to-keep-wallet-unlocked
I simply chose "1" as the "number of seconds to keep the wallet unlocked" value, so that your wallet doesn't stay unlocked for extended periods of time
But you can use any number you want really...
So yes, for a password of 12345, you would use:
walletpassphrase 12345 1
Note that if you passphrase has a space in it (and possibly "special" characters like !@#$%^&*() etc)... you should use " marks... like this:
walletpassphrase "this is a passphrase that has spaces in it" 1