What you are proposing is called "Basic income" (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_income).
It's a nice idea and I had the same to implement in a crypto-currency.
But indeed the problem to solve is how to implement the Proof Of Unique Human (POUH), so that you can send the money to that account.
There is no simple solution that would not involve the state collaboration.
If you have the state collaboration, then you could just issue a citizen coin address with every ID paper.
That way you have a one to one relation between citizens and those special address.
So in the crypto-currency you will have normal address like today that can be created at will,
and citizen address that the authority can create with a special master key.
Before someone scream "state control", the only power the state would have, is to say if someone is citizen or not, the rest is automatically handled by the crypto network.
About anonymity : of course the citizen address will be not anonymous.
But once you receive your money, you can send it to normal address and then make it anonymous by using some system like zerocoin.
Maybe I have an idea how to fix that passes problem. With an autority that handles this, this authority can give out a kind of own passport.
Nothing big its just for the Coin things. The Users then would send theyr Name+State+Adress and receive there personal hash on the Postal way. The problem is that postal thing costs a bit, but it cant be the world. The Problem is to have that you need an Database to check if an user is registering twice. And this Database have to be realy safe. Does anybody here now a way to crypt any field in a safety that a check for double is possible but not a direkt read out? i have to read a bit more about that.