in Bitcoin core v0.17.0 is the masterkey represents a sufficient backup? (taken with the dumpwallet command)
Bitcoin Core will use the Master private key to derive all "normal" private keys, so, yes? It should be sufficient to just back up the xpriv key..?
But take note of the following:
With regards to Bitcoin Core... The "proper" method of backup is a copy of your wallet.dat (or even multiple redundant copies)
With the Bitcoin Core HD wallets, every time you change the wallet passphrase (including the first time you set one up), a new seed (and therefore new master private key) is created... And new addresses derived.
NOTE: All the old master keys/generated addresses are still stored in the wallet file.
So, every time you set/change the passphrase you need to make a new backup of your wallet.dat.
Or, do it the "hard way" and try and keep track of all the xprvs
So be wary that when you change passwords, you might want to check for new xpriv keys to back up.