How much experience have you had in the past with coding/compiling on Linux based systems?
0
Well... I guess you're not doing too badly for someone with zero experience! But it does explain a few things.
Note, I'm not sure that diving headfirst into attempting to compile Bitcoin Core as your "first project" is the best way to learn the in's and out's of compiling on Linux
But we'll take a stab at it.
Essentially, run
configure and see what it tells you is missing, then do what you need to fix that issue... at this point, it seems that simply executing ./configure with the appropriate settings as per the output from building the BerkeleyDB libs should fix your current problem. I'd expect (assuming that you already installed all the required libs and dependencies here:
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/doc/build-unix.md#ubuntu--debian) that it would complete without error and you should be able to use
make