Not an expert whatsoever, but I'm always interested in the tactical side to of football. Does this analysis have anything to do with a future game though?
2. Give the possible challenges associated with this formation.
One of them is obviously the possibility that the forward gets isolated, especially if the purpose of choosing this formation is to improve the defensive side of the game. If the forward doesn't drop often, then he will need to have a good awareness to beat an offside trap. Another one is probably the possibility of the fullback dueling 1v1 quite often, especially if the midfield doesn't drop too. If you're counter-pressing with this formation, I believe this can be quite weak to counter-attack too.
3. Suggest a positive remedy for the challenges mentioned above.
Others have mentioned choosing a great striker etc, another idea I can think of is to simply use a fluid formation depending on which phase the team is playing on. If they're defending, maybe they can switch to 4-5-1, if they are attacking and controlling the midfield, they can switch to 2-5-3 I guess. Having players with good stamina is also required if they plan to play gegenpressing with it. CMIIW.