There are mining pools that facilitate participation for smaller miners, such as Public Pool, CKPool Solo, SoloLuck, and AtlasPool. Additionally, Stratum V2 addresses the problem that could lead to the drawback of smaller miners.
Stratum V2 helps send the template to the miner faster, preventing the block from being empty if it's found quickly. However, in most cases, the reward goes to large pools using the older Stratum V1 protocol.
Large data centers dealt with this problem by using dedicated, high-speed fiber-optic channels.
The big firm will always be favored due to its technological capacity, and the worst case is small miners not using the available advantage since Stratum V2/DATUM still opens the gate of opportunity for small miners since there's a chance for them to find blocks faster without the use of expensive fiber-optic lines.
I don’t quite understand what technological capacity you are talking about.
While total hashrate under management declined, BitFuFu (NASDAQ: FUFU)'s self-owned hashrate increased by 9.4% to 3.5 EH/s. This growth followed the acquisition and deployment of
1,200 S21 XP units during June. The company also signed agreements to acquire and deploy an additional 2,000 S21 XP units in July.
We mine on the same equipment. My electricity costs 4 cents, and so does the company. The company also pays taxes, salaries, and incurs costs for maintaining the locations.
I have no expenses other than electricity, but my mining is unprofitable
