I don't know about others, but I see this loan features as a very bad idea because it's like encouraging addictive gambler to gamble more when he or she should have called it a day when he is out of funds.
maybe if you were taking actual real loans, i would agree. but technically, goated loans are not real loans, they are basically lending you a % of future rewards (i think weekly, monthly, level up bonus).
so the worst that can happen if you default, is your VIP could derank, and not get pending rewards.
Not only getting the VIP level downgraded but defaulting a loan will be resulted in removing all benefits and deleted account permanently as what is written in the Help Center page related to this loans feature.
However, if a loan isn’t repaid within a reasonable time, the outstanding loan will automatically be deducted from your future rewards. If this was not possible and if any loans remain unpaid after 30 days, Goated reserves the right to disable or permanently delete your account, along with removing any associated benefits.
for example, emerald 2 rank level up rewards is ~$1,200, so them giving you a $1k loan when you are close to level up, should not be a problem for them. if you don't pay the loan back, they could deduct the loan amount from the level up reward.
(i don't know for a fact how it works on goated, i'm just making assumptions based on things i've seen before, so don't take my words for it)
The example you try to give can be said as the most reasonable situation for the casino to give a loan because in that case, the player is actually having a clear pending reward since the player is getting closed to the level up bonus. Means that there is less risk taken by the casino but of course we do not really know how it works in the reality since we have not tried it ourselves

. My goated account is still Pearl 1, long way to go to be eligible for the loan so no chance for me to try it myself and share the experience. Even if I am eligible, I will always think twice or more before taking the loan.