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Author Topic: The Ultimatum Game  (Read 17482 times)
Anders
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May 30, 2011, 04:15:11 PM
 #181

Didn't read all yet, but I think it depends.
If we were the only 2 people in the world, no way Jose.

That's an interesting variant. Another would be: will there be a difference between people who know each other? Would people make different deals with friends and 'loved ones' compared to with strangers? I would NOT. Then again, I'm not your ordinary person. He he.
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May 30, 2011, 04:25:38 PM
 #182

49/51 to be absolutely sure to get some free $
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May 30, 2011, 04:54:30 PM
Last edit: May 30, 2011, 05:29:48 PM by Catallaxy
 #183

I read this interesting experiment from The Origin of Wealth, a book by Eric B. Beinhocker (paraphrased):

Imagine that a stranger proposes you and me the following deal.  She will give us 5,000$ if we can agree on how to split it.  It works like this: I choose a split and you don't get to negotiate it, you can only accept the deal (in which case each of us gets what I chose) or reject it (in which case neither of us gets anything).

After giving it a short thought, I propose that I get 4,990$ and you get 10$.

Would you accept the deal?

(I'm not asking what you think is the rational thing to do from either a selfish or political standpoint, but what would you actually do.)

Well it would depend on how well I knew you. It didn't say if you and I are strangers. If I knew you needed an operation that cost $4,990 and we were friends then this deal would be considered a windfall and I'd agree to it.

If you and I are strangers, then considering we know nothing about each other, I would say no because all else being equal, why should we get unequal amounts?

This reminded me of an article on why psychopathy still exists in the world and how to reduce it. Basically it comes down to it making sense in game theory unless mitigated by reputation. Psychopaths get away with stuff by papering their reputation and smearing others'. If people don't reduce the psychopath's reputation, they will get away with anything.

In this case I wouldn't want to give myself the reputation of accepting less than half with strangers, in case I needed more in the future, unless I was very secure knowing that I wouldn't ever need more. Also I wouldn't want to give the stranger the sense that they can take more than half with strangers, because maybe my friend or family member in need will be in the same transaction in the future? If this person has a bad reputation then absolutely we will neither get any money. If this person has a great reputation then I would assume they possibly made a more well-informed decision, an error or were joking, and we could come to a mutually satisfying understanding after the deal. (See why it's important to reduce a psychopath's reputation? If they don't have a reduced reputation they will get away with anything. Also they smear others' reputations to leave less for others and more for themselves.) If we're strangers maybe this person is a psychopath or has a bad reputation that I don't know about and I wouldn't want to reward them. Beside all this it's basically a chance for each to gather information of the part and whole.
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May 30, 2011, 06:35:41 PM
 #184

In a real situation it may be very complicated. For example who is the person, organization or company supplying the money? Is the activity legal? Would I want to receive money from the giver?

On a second thought, I would probably say no to any kind of sum offered. Ha! Because I play it safe. And I'm too lazy to check all the circumstances. How's that for controversial, eh?
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May 30, 2011, 07:14:29 PM
 #185

Money is important, yes, but wouldn't it be liberating to say: "This game sucks. I'm out of here."  Grin Cash is king, they say. But do you really want to kneel before some king? Are you a free individual or a fricken' slave licking the boots of your precious master called money?
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May 30, 2011, 11:26:16 PM
 #186

I offer 0.35 BTC to fadiaaida and 0.65 BTC to myself.

Quoting this so it can't be edited Smiley

I am curious too, about a few different aspects of it.


I will reject it

Wow, you have foregone 0.35 BTC from a complete stranger, just so that another complete stranger doesn't get 0.65 BTC.

Very interesting indeed.

@bituser, how do you feel about missing out on 0.5 BTC?

One way to think of this is that you had a sure (almost) 0.5 in your hand, but then you gambled it all in order to get 0.65 (you gambled 100% to get a 30% return).

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May 30, 2011, 11:53:51 PM
 #187

@bituser, how do you feel about missing out on 0.5 BTC?

One way to think of this is that you had a sure (almost) 0.5 in your hand, but then you gambled it all in order to get 0.65 (you gambled 100% to get a 30% return).

Also, would the outcome of this game change the way you would play the game in the future?
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May 31, 2011, 02:20:06 AM
 #188

Put both of them in the same game, same positions,  at least two more times to get an idea of how this works out long term with two people that have played the game

(I dont always get new reply notifications, pls send a pm when you think it has happened)

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May 31, 2011, 11:00:54 AM
 #189

Ken Wilber has an interesting explanation of how people act differently depending on what stage of development a person is at. He often uses the Spiral Dynamics model:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wt5k8cmrtQc

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mA7g0iCue9w

Ken Wilber talking about the integral leap: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xujy3qcSphI
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May 31, 2011, 06:57:13 PM
 #190

Ken Wilber has an interesting explanation of how people act differently depending on what stage of development a person is at. He often uses the Spiral Dynamics model:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wt5k8cmrtQc

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mA7g0iCue9w

Ken Wilber talking about the integral leap: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xujy3qcSphI


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May 31, 2011, 07:11:49 PM
 #191

Quote from: Alex Beckenham link=topic=6234.msg153604#msg153604
@bituser, how do you feel about missing out on 0.5 BTC?

One way to think of this is that you had a sure (almost) 0.5 in your hand, but then you gambled it all in order to get 0.65 (you gambled 100% to get a 30% return).

I don't feel bad at all. As I said in my earlier post, I would always offer 0.5 BTC during a normal game. I only offered the 0.65 BTC as I figured you would want to see fadisaaida's reaction.

So really this experiment is somewhat invalid. The true experiment is between strangers who don't know anything about each other. By discussing the game first and by having witnesses, the outcome is altered.

examples :

1. hah ( if i accept then i will look like a fool with my previous statement

fadisaaida listed this as one of his reasons for not taking the 0.35 BTC. But in the true experiment, he would not have taken a stance and could not be seen as a hypocrite for taking the low-ball offer.

Just some food for thought.
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May 31, 2011, 09:01:52 PM
 #192

Quote from: Alex Beckenham link=topic=6234.msg153604#msg153604
@bituser, how do you feel about missing out on 0.5 BTC?

One way to think of this is that you had a sure (almost) 0.5 in your hand, but then you gambled it all in order to get 0.65 (you gambled 100% to get a 30% return).

I don't feel bad at all. As I said in my earlier post, I would always offer 0.5 BTC during a normal game. I only offered the 0.65 BTC as I figured you would want to see fadisaaida's reaction.

So really this experiment is somewhat invalid. The true experiment is between strangers who don't know anything about each other. By discussing the game first and by having witnesses, the outcome is altered.

examples :

1. hah ( if i accept then i will look like a fool with my previous statement

fadisaaida listed this as one of his reasons for not taking the 0.35 BTC. But in the true experiment, he would not have taken a stance and could not be seen as a hypocrite for taking the low-ball offer.

Just some food for thought.

Rejecting when everyone knows the result might be perfectly rational, especially for this small sum.  It shows people won't want to mess with you.  But why not take it to the extreme, and say you'll reject anything less than .90 BTC?  If you play the game over and over, you keep rejecting, and people will either keep offering you garbage to punish you or will give in.  Reputation is key.
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May 31, 2011, 09:05:02 PM
 #193

Quote
*The game is played only once so that reciprocation is not an issue*.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimatum_game

So, in this case,

I reject all proposals, where I get (50% - x), if x > 10% of total sum, i.e. if can't call a proposal to be roughly honest (50x50).

Note, if you select another strategy, it simply designates that you are in need of money, i.e. you feel some kind of poverty.
If you live in sufficiency, you will focus upon justice only.
Anders
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May 31, 2011, 09:11:45 PM
 #194

Ken Wilber has an interesting explanation of how people act differently depending on what stage of development a person is at. He often uses the Spiral Dynamics model:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wt5k8cmrtQc

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mA7g0iCue9w

Ken Wilber talking about the integral leap: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xujy3qcSphI




Ha ha. I'm just trying to get a larger perspective on it. Behavior is related to our own level of development. An extreme example is a bunch of baboons at a birthday party. The baboons would make a dash to reach the birthday cake and they would try to grab as big piece of the cake as possible, ripping both the cake and themselves into pieces. How would you explain to the baboons that there is another way to behave in such situation?
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May 31, 2011, 10:33:54 PM
 #195


Write a HowTo or show them a tutorial video?

Alex Beckenham
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May 31, 2011, 11:22:19 PM
 #196

Quote from: Alex Beckenham link=topic=6234.msg153604#msg153604
@bituser, how do you feel about missing out on 0.5 BTC?

One way to think of this is that you had a sure (almost) 0.5 in your hand, but then you gambled it all in order to get 0.65 (you gambled 100% to get a 30% return).

I don't feel bad at all. As I said in my earlier post, I would always offer 0.5 BTC during a normal game. I only offered the 0.65 BTC as I figured you would want to see fadisaaida's reaction.

So really this experiment is somewhat invalid. The true experiment is between strangers who don't know anything about each other. By discussing the game first and by having witnesses, the outcome is altered.

examples :

1. hah ( if i accept then i will look like a fool with my previous statement

fadisaaida listed this as one of his reasons for not taking the 0.35 BTC. But in the true experiment, he would not have taken a stance and could not be seen as a hypocrite for taking the low-ball offer.

Just some food for thought.

Yes I agree, with respect to the original post, this game was invalid.

I still found it interesting though.

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June 01, 2011, 02:03:22 AM
 #197

I guess they lost the game ¬.¬

(I dont always get new reply notifications, pls send a pm when you think it has happened)

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Anders
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June 01, 2011, 06:50:44 AM
Last edit: June 01, 2011, 09:12:46 AM by Anders
 #198

Imagine a website or a mobile app where people played this game with each other. People would be able to play many times and their ranking would be displayed publicly. For example a man who managed on average to get people to accept 1% to themselves and 99% to himself, would be ranked very high. But people would see that so they may stop choosing to play the game with him and instead play against other players who gave a higher percentage to them. The ranking score should be adjusted with for example the factor 1 / (1 + 1/n) where n is the number of times played to prevent people who have played only one or two times from being ranked too high.

EDIT: Unfortunately it would be too easy to cheat in the game, such as registering two accounts or letting friends accept outrageous deals. Otherwise it would be a fun game I think. By letting each user create several personalities such as GreedyBill, AverageJoe and CompassionateLama they will be able to try different strategies. Pretty cool service if cheating can be prevented.
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May 04, 2018, 12:45:56 PM
 #199

It is not important what's the positive speculation is, people should take into account today's price level because waiting for the aim for a while can ruin the whole strategy.
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