Other people clearly stated they could also see some of the double spend warnings - I wasn't seeing things - so maybe you did miss it.
Most of the transaction ids I posted had already been confirmed, some in their hundreds. How can the block chain think a txn with hundreds of confs might never be confirmed?
As above, the txn(s) in question were already solidly confirmed. So why was the warning there in the first place for a well aged txn?
That blockchain.info warning may have been in error or maybe your browser was loading an older version of the page from its cache. Blockchain.info is just a website and has been known to have issues from time to time.
I restored the wallet from a backup and resynced the last weeks worth of txns - it didn't take long to fully sync - yet hours and hours later the updown (and only the updown) txns were showing n/a for address and txn id. And these were the addresses showing the double spend warnings.
Your wallet was probably not finished, or it would have shown all the transactions correctly.
1) Can a set of transactions to a specified btc address be reversed?
2) If so, how is that done?
3) If so, who does it? - and under what circumstances?
4) If so, how secure is the process? Is it susceptible to a malicious actor?
6) Can I be sure (even after hundreds of confs) that a payment I recieve has really been recieved?
Once a transaction receives a confirmation (is included in a block), it is irreversible.
5) What is the trigger for blockchain.info to show this double spend warning for an address?
See:
That blockchain.info warning shown on an address (it doesn't appear on transactions) can happen when unconfirmed coins are spent and blockchain.info thinks they may never be confirmed. The warning went away because the transaction(s) in question received a confirmation. (If I am wrong about the blockchain.info's warnings, please let me know.)
7) Would you be so nonchalant if you were watching txns disappear from your own wallet?
If I knew they already had confirmations, I would know it is an issue with my wallet. While it may be annoying or take time to fix, I know my coins would be there.
8. How can I (if at all) defend myself from someone performing a double spend attack when sending me coins? (like the OP topic states)
Don't rely on the transaction until it is confirmed. Once it is confirmed, it is yours until it is spent.