Might be worth a try:
Backup your "salvaged" wallet.dat.
Install a fresh, single copy of Bitcoin Core. Start it once, so it creates the data directory structure. Shut it down (might take a little time). Copy a copy of your salvaged wallet.dat to the data directory [1]. Start it again and maybe you are in luck and you see your transactions in the transactions tab (they will be greyed out until the blockchain is synced).
If you are not, another approach is using a tool called pywallet [2] by the user jackjack to export any private keys it can find and import them to Bitcoin Core (or another wallet of your choice). Like deepceleron said, the more information you can provide, the better.
From now on, please start backing up your wallet information on a regular basis. A recommended interval for Bitcoin Core is every ~50 tx. If you haven't already done so, encrypting your wallet is also recommended.
[1]
https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Data_directory[2]
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=34028.0