This could be the dawning of Bitcointalk game, I scored 8 and it was fun and quick. Just only 10 questions for now, with time, there should be improvements.

This is informational and helpful especially for newbies, if bittrex are the one that send the airdrops, you will see it on their website where you can apply for it. What I can never do is to participate on any airdrop through email messages which can lead to malware installation on the device someone use to access the links on the email. Aside that, it can lead to phishing attack also, if you provide your personal details.

Malware installation is not because of file type, any file can be infected. The best way to get your devices or wallet devices free from malware is to avoid the malware, basic ways you can avoid malware is the main reason for this thread.

Thank you for the link, and I also get it clearer now that HMAC-SHA512 is required to turn seed numbers into private key while SHA256 can be used to generate private key in such a way that brain wallet is created. With time, I will get this better.

I agree, they are not generated the same way, but I think both uses SHA256, i am still a beginner, I make use of this page to learn little about the SHA256, it was the book that did not say it completely.

https://books.google.it/books?id=IXmrBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA64&lpg=PA64&dq=n+%3D+1.158+*+1077&source=bl&ots=9BgSltKnRY&sig=ACfU3U3FnBeD39fzvwumLIXSAujMLCCJLg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQmNuhncrpAhXpiIsKHQDbD-kQ6AEwAXoECAYQAQ#v=onepage&q=n%20%3D%201.158%20*%201077&f=false

But about how both are generated, you are right, not in the same way.

I am still learning, your are pro compare to me, thanks for the correction. But what I was just trying to say is that passphrase can be passworded in a way that the password will be used to access the seed phrase and that it is called passphrase. But, I will still talk about this in a topic to know how a seed phrase can have a passphrase but it is not necessary for seed phrase to be accessed with passphrase like you said. You are correct.

(n=1.158*10^77,  slightly less than 2^2256) where private key can be a number from n and n-1 and n is a constant like you said, but this is an order of elliptic curve used in bitcoin, this is another field of cryptography. This is used in generating private key,

But, when generating private key, the SHA256 hash algorthm will be used which is the same SHA256 hash algorithm used in generatng seed phrase, and in a way that this produces 256 bit numbers. In case of private key generation the number should not be less than 1 and should not be more than n-1, else, it will fail to generate but in case of seed phrase the number used fall within the 2048 words.

So, seed phrase are generated in such manner too but in a way that the private keys are converted into words. So, we can say private keys are the hexadecimal formats of  seed phrase which are in words.

Introduction
Hierarchical deterministic wallets make use of seed phrase to recover a wallet. Mnemonic phrase is also referred to as master seed, wallet back up or recovery seed/phrase. So, they serve as a back-up in case of wallet theft or damage. Bitcoin Improvement Proposal: 0039 (BIP39) that was approved by bitcoin community that most wallets are using today is referred to as mnemonic phrase.

The English version of the phrase are taking from group of 2048 words containing in a supported wallet, they are known as BIP39 word list. For a 12 random word, the number combination that could be possible is 2048^12 and equals to 2^132 which will make the phrase 132 bit security, but the 12 word seed is 128 bits which means all the 12 words are not randomly selected but approximately have the same strength like private keys. The BIP39 support 128 to 256 bits that can generate 12 to 24 words.

Bits of entropy    Number of words
        128                                 12
        160                                 15
        192                                 18
        224                                  21
        256                                  24

Common wallets that support BIP39

Hardware Wallets   
         Trezor
         Ledger   
         Keepkey   
         Cool Wallet   
         Coldcard   

Software Wallets                   Support
         Bread                           Android, iOS
         Exodus                             Windows, macOS, Linux, Android,  iOS
         Mycelium                Android, iOS
         Samourai                Android
         Coinomi                Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS
         Blockchain                Android, iOS
         Copay                             iOS, Android,  Chrome, Linux, Windows, MacOS
         Jaxx                       Android, iOS, MacOS, Windows, Linux, Chrome
         Blockstream Green      Android, iOS
         Ownbit                       Android, iOS
         BlueWallet                    Android, iOS
         Enjin                       Android, iOS
         Wasabi                        Linux, Windows, MacOS


The passphrase
This is the protection of seed phrase with password, this password makes it impossible to access the seed phrase without knowing password, they are called passphare, the passphras is required to access the seed phrase, some wallets call the passphrase seed extention and it is referred to as the 13th/25th word.


BIP39 FAQ
Can I use the seed phrase to recover back my wallet?
Yes, if the wallet support seed phrase called BIP39, it is a backup and can be used to restore back your bitcoin or any cryptocurrency  stored on your wallet.
 
Can I use the my wallet seed phrase to recover my bitcoin and altcoins on another wallet?
Yes, it is very possible, but the wallet must support the cryptocurrencies  you have on your previous wallet and must also support BIP39, which means the wallet should support BIP39 for seed phrase,  BIP32 which defines account and BIP44 for multiple coin types.

How can I back-up my wallet seed phrase?
The recommended way is to get a paper and write it down with a paper. Having duplicate will be good and should be kept in different safe places. Also, it can be stored written on a metal or printed paper.

Should I split my seed phrase into two?
No, if one part is know to hackers, it can be used to generation others words possibly, the cryptographic security of the back up is can be compromised. But if you want to split it into two in a way that will make the words useless for hackers, you can use With text: Shamir's secret sharing and make sure you use 24 words phrase.

Can I recover back my bitcoin or altcoin without without passphrase when enabled?
No, it is not possible, be careful when choosing passphrase to protect your seed phrase.

What should I do if I have forgotten my passphrase?
If you remeber your access pin or password to your wallet and you can send out your coins to another wallet, it is advisable to send your coins to another wallet entirely, otherwise, your coins may be lost.

How to recover bitcoin using seed phrase?
Be careful of malware, it can result to bitcoin or altcoin loss to hackers. That is why hardware wallets are better use for this without connecting it to any device.

Should I check back up regularly?
Yes, check it often, read it often daily because it is memorizable but do not think you know off hand after memorizing it, still check it often and keep it safe.

Can I back up my seed phrase on computer or cloud storage?
Phones, computers including cloud storage like google drive and one drive are not advisable, paper back up is the best, be it written or printed.


Conclusion
The BIP39 is a means of recovering lost bitcoin or altcoins, it should be back up and stored safely, also if it is passphrase, the passphrase should not be forgotten in order to be able to access the seed phrase.




https://github.com/6102bitcoin/FAQ/blob/master/seed.md

https://www.blockplate.com/blogs/blockplate/list-of-bip39-wallets-mnemonic-seed

https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Seed_phrase

https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/80531/seed-restore-from-one-wallet-to-another

You have to protect your seed phrase because if known to another person, it can be used by the person to compromised your wallet and all coins on your wallet can be stolen. The hacker can use another wallet which is not ledger nano to recover all your cryptocurrencies  stored on the ledger nano x, this is so possible if the wallet the attacker use support the coins stored on your ledger nano x and support BIP39 also, the BIP39 cointain 2048 words and the wallet supporting it can generates 12 out of it and you can customize the words too. So, the reason for the a wallet to support certain type like BIP39 is to be able to recover cryptocurrencies stored on the BIP39 wallet irrespective dof the wallet use so far it also support BIP39.

One of the best way is what you said, having two devices, one should be strictly for wallets and exchanges and browsing should be so limited on the device. That is what I am doing to the extent that one of my phone is used for surfing the internet whole the other for wallet device and where also my google 2 fa app is stored. And that besides, I still make sure of safe ways to protect my wallets.

This is really great as well got a wonderful Nigerian that have his people in mind, this time of coronavirus pandemic, we know how things are hard for people, movement is so restricted, and this makes so many people not to have access to work for their daily living earnings. So, this is a good example, and I am happy this came from our fellow Nigerians on this forum. To speak out my mind you are indeed a role model.

I am so happy to see a section I and my fellow blacks could meet and discussed on this forum, Bitcointalk. It is so great, and I am not feeling strange like I was before, I do really appreciate the thread starter, Cryptopreneurbrainboss, for such idea he got to bring us together here on this forum.
I do not have more things to say than we should always obey the forum rules so that we are not going to be banned and let us all in all time be proving on this forum that Africans is a continent that knowledge and wisdom dwells. Happy meeting you my people.

As for me, even if I want to claim airdrop, I will like it to be from the exchange i am using which is regulated. As for airdrops through email, I would have known it is fake, I will not even check the email not to talk of clicking on any malware a link in the email may contain.

Locked down or no lock down, scammers are always work. So, we need to be very careful of the sites we visit, checking is the site is truly legit is the first step. I make use of who.net to check a site domain, this has really helped me to know many scam sites and many that should be avoided. And about email, I orefer to not even give my email to any exchange or wallet, I make use of well known reputed wallet and I get the wallet using their official sites which also really helped. Even, if the site is legit, I do not give my email to any site at all, that is why I do mot even participate in any airdrop because most needs verification and they could be scam which can leads to phising attacked like the one in the picture above. 

This does not mean your are completely anonymous, it can only reduce how you can easily be traced. The fact still remain that if using crypto wallet does not mean you can be completely anonymous.

User: Charles-Tim

Malware that can steal bitcoin from wallet devices and their preventions
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5238363.msg54169267#msg54169267

About: How important to avoid malware

Category: Article

Section: Beginners and help

What is most important is to know how the price fluctuations of ethereum will be positive for you, even if ethereum price will grow more than $250 this year or very soon, it may also be possible that they price may fall. So, it is very important and necessary to always check the price and trade it for stable coin like tether if the market is not favoring at all, but if the price is increasing, better to hold until we make more profit from it. In my opinion, it is very likely that ethereum price will reach $250 again this year but we must think otherwise too and act fast to its bear or bull market in a way that will profit us.

I really appreciate this giveaway thread but hope I am not late, I will like you to check my articles.

https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5235930.msg54107672#msg54107672

https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5232577.msg54021683#msg54021683

https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5245564.msg54355475#msg54355475

There are many aspect in blockchain, it can be used in cryptocurrencies, fashion, record keeping an in medical. I do not know much about other fields but in cryptocurrencies, the security depends on miners, the more the miners, the more how secure blockchain network will be. The miners makes it not possible for 51% attack to occur as a result of high hashes they are generating. That is why bitcoin is the most secure cryptocurrency because it has the highest hash power.  So, a blockchain can be fully secure depending on how many miners are operating on the network. If the miners are not much, the hashes generated will be less and the network can be compromised by hackers.

We do not know what the price of bitcoin can be in the next three years, all I know is that the price will rise and fall, good traders take advantage of this. But, if I will have to predict, bitcoin can never increase more than $75000.