I had the exact same issue with Ubuntu should be similar in CentOS. The problem is that the fglrx module can only be loaded by xorg, so youd need GUI available.
Here is how i run it in "headless" mode.
Set the OS to autologin as your user in GUI. Then throw away the monitor, dont need it anymore. On reboot, your user would get logged in automatically.
Then, when running the mining program (thru ssh or whatever), prepend it with
If you can get this to work :-
DISPLAY=:0.0 aticonfig --odgt --od-getclocks
Then the mining application (cgminer, etc) will all work with "DISPLAY=:0.0 " before it.
Technically not headless since it needs user to be logged on locally, but since its now autologged in ... for practical purposes its headless.
Thats the short version... Long version is figure out some kind of minimalistic xserver which loads the fglrx modules....