You should create an instrument that pays the holder an amount proportional to the difficulty. For example, an instrument that pays difficulty/1e9 mBTC upon expiration.
Traders should be allowed to buy and naked short sell these instruments, and the price of the instrument should converge around the market's predicted next difficulty.
That is a future plan for our site - indeed. But the amount to loose/win would have to be bounded (otherwise you can not do it without counterparty risk). But with a range from 0-35% change really most cases should be covered.
Users who naked short sell should have sufficient collateral in their accounts, of course. And you would have to implement margin calls, unless you want users to post 100% collateral (which might be a problem considering that users would need to trust you with their bitcoins).