If someone stole enough money in China and annoyed the wrong people, they probably could still execute you with the currency - bitcoin - playing a small part of the sentence. The authorities are usually one step behind with unforeseen trends but I don't think it would ever become a capital offence unless it was heavily undermining the Yuan. I wouldn't put it past Russia right now..
Execution is rare, typically for someone who causes the nation to "lose face." An example a couple of years ago was a manufacturer making baby formula / milk that turned out to be poisoned.