Let me answer first your question on your topic.
The answer was already given by the question you provided. The word
Public contradicts the word
Privacy, so yes, in a way, your privacy is in danger if you'll put your Bitcoin address in public, like giving hackers a hint on what address they should start the hacking for example.
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End result - someone knows (or has a pretty good guess) exactly how much bitcoin I have, just because I put up a public donation address.
Please refute.
And about this one, even if you don't put your Bitcoin address, anybody can still copy and paste your address in blockchain to see how much bitcoin do you have and all the transactions you've made. In short, Bitcoin is anonymous but the user's anonymity will entirely depends on how you are going to use your Bitcoin.