The best way to learn something is by using it. You can spend all day reading white papers and studying the technology and you will still feel like you know nothing.
The blockchain is the core technology that allows cryptocurrencies to exist, and Bitcoin is the first implementation. It really depends what you want to do with it. You should at least have a basic understanding of how the software works and there's a lot of great youtube videos out there which do a great job explaining. But you don't need to have a working knowledge of the programming itself. As a Econ major think about how the currency applies as a unit of trade and consider the implications of a fully digitized economy.
After that, you'll need direct experience if you want to be an expert. Use the software, launch startups related to the industry and you will learn or fail trying
. It is a constant process and not one you'll ever stop. There will be maybe a few days where you feel like you understand everything and then weeks where you feel lost and behind the curve. Just. Keep. Learning. From all sources.
Experts are made by dedication, not certification programs. I'm very grateful BTC doesn't have anything like that and I sincerely hope it never does. Cert programs just mean that a particular body calls you an expert, it doesn't automatically make you one.