I checked the information on the Internet, and then tested the next, as if to synchronize the block data? If so, the amount of data is not great? If a new block is generated on the network node, will the wallet listen? And then receive the block data? Or part?
If there is a transaction on the network, the wallet will listen and receive?
In a traditional wallet such as Bitcoin Core (what every wallet is technically based off). There is an initial syncronisation period where the blocks that have previously been mined are downloaded. As these are downloaded, your computer mines them but does it in a way that is more simplified than the actual mining as the difficulty that regular mining (for rewards) is much greater - as the network wants only a block per 10 minutes on average.
When you open bitcoin core, after syncronisation, the node connected to a miner that validates the block will broadcast the block to "the network" (a collection of every node). Who then process the block individually, searching for their specific addresses to find if the balance of the user has increased for that specific wallet. Every node also acts as a relay in the network to speed up the full blockchain download for every user.
(P.S. If you don't want to download the entire blockchain, you can try an
electrum instead).
