I don't know much other than what I've managed to figure out, but I've been successfully mining Litecoins on and off at burnside's pool (what you linked to) for a while now.
I'm not sure if you can mine on that pool with the Litecoin client program, but I would recommend downloading ScryptMiner GUI:
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=62414.0At the mining pool site, go to your account settings page, and at the bottom there is a table titled Workers. You need to add one to start with (if you haven't already). Pick any name and password (really doesn't matter, and doesn't really need to be that secure) and click "Add Worker". Workers represent the computers you have mining. If you had a second computer you wanted to mine with as well, you would make a second worker.
In ScryptMiner GUI, set RPC Server to "ltc.kattare.com", Username and Password to whatever you put in for the worker, and leave Port as 9332.
You'll have to experiment with the Threads and Scantime settings. I don't really know what Scantime means, but for Threads, you want to have as many as you have CPU cores or less. I have a dual-core i3 (with hyper-threading, if I remember, so 4 virtual cores), and I'm using 3 threads and a scantime of 4. I get about 13 kh/s speed. Open Task Manager and watch your overall CPU usage when you start the miner. I'd recommend keeping it under 99%, at the very least. If you max it out, your computer won't really be usable for anything else while it's mining, and you might find it locking up or even blue screening. Play around with it and see if you can find a good balance.
I also recommend this program to monitor CPU temperatures and so forth:
http://www.cpuid.com/softwares/hwmonitor.html For a desktop, your CPU temps should be around 60 degrees C or less. If you're going over that, you could damage your CPU over time. So, watch the temperatures as well when you try different settings with the miner.
Let me know if that helps.
