Could anyone tell me how frequently the Bitcoin Core wallet requires backing up...?.
Every one hundred addresses. This usually is every 100 transactions as you use one change address when sending and one address when receiving.
Even with the new HD wallets, you should still backup every 100 addresses so that you keep any metadata and not miss any addresses that you have previously used.
If the last back up was carried out say a year ago and in the meantime some transactions had been made would that back up still be able to be used in the event of pc failure to create an accurate new wallet ?.
If you made more than one hundred addresses, with the old wallets, you will lose some Bitcoin from the addresses after 100. With the HD wallets, you will have to extend the keypool and possibly rescan so that you get all of the transactions.