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西班牙对外银行:区块链技术需要法律框架
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西班牙对外银行:区块链技术需要法律框架
March 26, 2017, 12:47:19 PM
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西班牙对外银行(BBVA)的首席经济学家Javier Sebastian在最近的一份研究报告中指出,需要创建一个定义区块链技术法律性质的法律框架。Sebastian的主要任务是为西班牙对外银行判定和分析数字经济领域的趋势,他表示区块链技术有可能成为提高银行效率的有力工具。 其通过智能合同实现的不变性,透明度和自动化等特点可以为全新的数字业务奠定基础。
西班牙对外银行一直是比特币和区块链技术的支持机构之一。它投资了Coinbase,也是R3 CEV区块链联盟的创始成员,同时还举办了金融技术比赛。
比特币占据核心位置
如何监管区块链使用影响这项技术广泛采用的最重要因素之一。 但由于比特币是区块链在现实世界中灵活应用的唯一事例,所以关于其监管的争论主要集中于比特币。
火币区块链研究中心了解到,因为比特币在一些国家被视为数字货币,而在其他国家被视为商品,所以欧盟要做的第一步就是协调比特币交易的税务处理。销售需缴纳增值税(VAT)。 2015年10月,欧洲法院免除了比特币交易增值税。
下一步是防止使用比特币进行洗钱和资助恐怖主义。 2016年7月,欧盟委员会建议联合遵循“反洗钱指令”的数字钱包提供商和货币交换平台阻止比特币匿名交换。
根据CCN的报道,本周,欧洲议会和欧盟理事会建议修订一项关于防止洗钱和恐怖主义募集资金的指令,该指令将要求电子货币交易所和钱包识别可疑活动,包括识别比特币用户。
区块链成为监管重点
火币区块链研究中心发现,对区块链技术的其他使用进行监管,将对金融服务产生更大的破坏性影响,使其处于停滞状态。然而,基于区块链技术的独特特性,不同的案例存在一些共同的问题。
例如,区块链的分布式和全球化特性使得创建一个法律框架,以定义其法律性质成为必要,其中包括适用的法律以及在出现错误时的责任评定。
此外,区块链的不可变性引发了对其作为不可证伪的“唯一真理来源”这一认识的辩论,还有作为存在证据而存储的文件的法律效力以及将智能合同视为有效法律协议的辩论。
报告中的数据,意见和看法未经西班牙对外银行独立验证,都是基于普遍接受的方法进行估计的。
监管研究仍在继续
西班牙对外银行的研究机构上个月发布了一份关于金融服务中区块链使用的工作文件,阐述了监管、运营和技术方面的挑战。该文件指出,由于无法监管技术,迄今为止的监管问题已被忽视,但是它们也在逐步引起重视,因为研究是其大规模使用的必要条件。
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