Does the btc core check if the amount of space avaible is ok for sync?
No. It is impossible to know how big the blockchain actually is without having downloaded the entire thing. Bitcoin Core cannot tell you whether you have enough disk space as it does not know how much is needed.
If i run wallet in Data partition (no user here, just NTFS for stuff), does the wallet create a folder somewhere in Data or still sync the %appdata% folder?
Unless you have specified otherwise, the data directory will always be
%appdata%/Bitcoin. You could have changed this when you first started the program. In order to change it now, you need to move the datadir to your desired location and start Core with
-choosedatadir to get the prompt for changing the datadir. Or you can change the command that runs Bitcoin Core to have the
-datadir=<path> option where <path> is the path to the datadir. If you choose to do that, you will always need to run Bitcoin Core with that option.
