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德内长撰述“主导文化” 要助移民融入德国社会
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Dinklage
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德内长撰述“主导文化” 要助移民融入德国社会
May 03, 2017, 11:39:21 AM
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德国内政部长德迈齐埃公布了一份德国“主导文化”10点计划,旨在确立德国社会主导价值观,有助于外来移民融入德国社会。
德国之声报道,德迈齐埃在星期天的《图片报》上撰文,介绍了有关计划的内容,希望就此展开公开的讨论。
德迈齐埃指出,他所理解的主导文化包括社会交往习俗,“在德国,人们见面时,要握手、自报姓名、露出自己的面孔”;此外还包括教养常识、以成绩取胜的观念,以及德国的文化和历史遗产。
主导文化的内涵之一是“开放的爱国主义”,即爱自己的国家,但不仇恨他人。此外,与西方世界的纽带、对欧洲的认同以及“对某些地点、事件和传统的共同记忆”也是主导文化的一部分。
德迈齐埃指出,在德国文化中,决策虽然是由多数表决产生的,但少数群体的权益始终得到保障。他还强调,德国是深受基督教文化影响的国家。在德国各宗教和平共处的基础是,在国家和社会生活中,法治高于任何宗教准则。
“主导文化”提法的批评者认为,引入这一概念的目的之一是限制移民,因为可以以此为由拒绝接纳那些没有成功同化的外国人。批评者还认为,将某些具体价值观列为“主导文化”,置于移民来源国文化之上,会导致文化冲突,抑制文化多元化。
在该文章中,德迈齐埃为在德国树立“主导文化”的理念进行了辩护,他指出,对自我的文化感到安全和有力,将最终促使其对他人更加宽容。
他强调,德国仍将是一个开放的国家。但如果移民拒绝接受德国的“主导文化”,那么他们就难以成功融入这个社会。“不了解、不尊重我们的主导文化,就无法获得归属感。”
在德国,“主导文化”多年来始终是一个争议话题。其最大的推手是默克尔领导的基民盟(CDU)/基社盟(CSU),该党部分代表认为,移民应该归化认同德国的核心价值观。而社民党和绿党则反对定义所谓的“主导文化”。
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