Ok, I think I understand... so because I received 15 BTC in a single send from the exchange, and then decided to send 10 to another exchange... it has used the 15 I received to send the 10, and is returning me the 5, minus the TX fee? Makes sense now...
Yes. That is exactly what happened.
And if you want to see that this is what has happened, for your own peace of mind, you can go to the "Debug Window" under the "Help" menu and choose "Console". Then type:
And hit the [ENTER] or [RETURN] key on your keyboard.
This will list all the unspent outputs that your wallet has access to and can spend in the future.
You should see your transaction as a "txid" in the list that you receive. You should also see the address that the 4.9999774 BTC were sent to, and it should indicate that it is "spendable".
To prove to yourself that your wallet actually is maintaining the private key for that address even though it doesn't display the address in your list of receiving addresses in the User Interface you can then type:
dumpprivkey 129mvCH4gmnWvYhsbEipoPiR1erKhZ9TLx
And hit the [ENTER] or [RETURN] key on your keyboard.
If your wallet doesn't have the private key and therefore doesn't have access to that 4.9999774 BTC, then you'll receive an error in red that says:
"
Private key for address 129mvCH4gmnWvYhsbEipoPiR1erKhZ9TLx is not known (code -4)"
If your wallet does have the private key and therefore does have access to that 4.9999774 BTC, then you'll receive a 52 character long string of letters and numbers in black that starts with either a K or L.
Note:
THAT STRING OF LETTERS AND NUMBERS IS THE PRIVATE KEY TO THAT ADDRESS, DO NOT SHARE IT WITH ANYONE. IF YOU DO THEN THEY CAN TAKE OR SPEND THOSE BITCOINS.