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红网:端午将至,忧虑传统遗失并有志倡导的人别只是坐而论道
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Topic: 红网:端午将至,忧虑传统遗失并有志倡导的人别只是坐而论道 (Read 123 times)
Maryewr
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红网:端午将至,忧虑传统遗失并有志倡导的人别只是坐而论道
June 05, 2017, 04:52:13 PM
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农历五月初五是端午节,按照传统习俗,在这一天,人们要赛龙舟、插艾草、吃粽子,进行多种多样的纪念活动。2006年,经国务院批准,端午节被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。不过,记者走访发现,对于大多数人而言,端午节的种种传统习俗渐行渐远,这个节日所留下的仅仅是吃粽子这样简单的意味了。(5月28日《法制日报》)
就跟春节一样,端午节的传统味道也越来越淡了,这让我突然很有感触。包括春节在内的传统节日尽管被列为法定假日,但传统意涵还是越来越淡,关于端午节的传统恐怕没多少人熟悉了,甚至可以说,传统文化的传承正在断裂,不仅在传统节日坚守传统仪式的人越来越少,平时生活中传统文化的影响力也在式微,现在的很多老年人对传统也是马马虎虎应付了事。
就说过端午节吧,北方和南方其实原本有不同的方式。作为中原地区的河南,相对而言属于北方,30多年以前,我还在乡村老家生活。端午节那天,我们这里虽然没有什么隆重的仪式,没有龙舟赛也不会包粽子,但一整天的生活自有特色。日出之前,家家门前都插上了苦艾,十五六岁以下的少年儿童都要起早去深深的茭草地用露水净身,回到家里要用泡着石榴花瓣的水洗脸,然后还要在耳朵、脖子、手腕、脚脖抹上雄黄酒,有人还会喝一点雄黄酒;12岁以下的孩子们,脖子、手腕、脚脖全都要系上五色线,胸前还挂着一个包了苦艾叶、茴香籽之类的五彩香囊,这都是母亲们自己亲手做的;早上各家都要煮鸡蛋、蒜瓣……等等。很多老年人对这些事还相当认真,比如雄黄酒抹脖子、手腕、脚脖,每个地方一定要抹够一圈,五色线不是自己掉落的话,一定要出了五月才能剪掉,而且不能随便扔。有人说,这都是“封建迷信”,但其中包含的文化价值,恐怕不是“封建迷信”能概括得了的。人们对美好生活的追求,对邪恶的抵制,对捍卫人生价值的尊崇,以及家国情怀等等,都是通过这一节日这些仪式来表达的。
然而,这些看上去很简单的仪式现在还有谁在乎?甚至没几个人知道了。我近几年在学校观察发现,整个小学中,极少有孩子身上佩戴传统端午节的饰物。这是一个县郊小学,我问他们端午节怎么过,他们都说不出什么。关于屈原的故事,很多老师为了“分数”为了“成绩”,也不肯“耽误时间”多作解释,精彩生动的传统也变得枯燥了。在孩子们眼里,端午节是个吃粽子的节日,一个很模糊的节日。我曾经问老家如今过端午节的情况,现在的乡亲们对传统也知之甚少,除了买粽子煮鸡蛋,好像也没别的内容了,老年人也嫌传统的过节方式“太麻烦”,干脆也就不应付了。
“过不过节不都一样吗?”我经常听到这样的说法。随着仪式被遗忘,传统节日的意义也被忽略,传统悄然间就这样被丢弃了。虽然传统节日都要放假,但人们无论对哪个节日,都万变不离其宗地围绕着购物和游玩说事,如此把传统节日简单化,实在看不出文化传承的影子。即便南方热热闹闹的赛龙舟,也不过是一道旅游风景,包粽子也只是电视上的饮食节目,而北方的端午节很少有人提起,端午节街上卖的香囊也很少有人光顾。指望正在老年化的乡村,又如何挽救传统?东邻韩国日本保护传统文化的做法也许值得借鉴,但忧虑传统遗失并有志倡导传统的人们,能否不只是坐而论道,而是身体力行给大家认真做个样子重拾传统呢?
(原标题为《 忧虑传统遗失的人们别只坐而论道》)
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