For transactions, it depends on the fee you give. If you give a low fee of lets say 10 satoshis per byte, it may take hours before the first confirmation, while if you pay 200+ satoshis per byte, your transaction can be confirmed in an hour.
It also depends on your service provider for buying/selling BTC but it will normally be under an hour, and as for altcoins, when your order is confirmed on an exchange site, you get it straightaway.
If you are talking about services like
shapeshift.io, it may vary too and I have heard that it had took a week for the transaction also.
All in all, it really depends on what you are dealing with.