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耗资百亿美元 美最新核动力航母“福特”号今服役
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Topic: 耗资百亿美元 美最新核动力航母“福特”号今服役 (Read 88 times)
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耗资百亿美元 美最新核动力航母“福特”号今服役
July 23, 2017, 01:36:16 AM
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美国最新的首艘第三代航母福特号,将于今日正式服役。(图据美国海军)
海外网7月22日电 据美国福斯新闻网(FOXNews)报道,以美国前总统杰拉尔德·R·福特(Gerald·R·Ford)命名、美军新一代核动力航母“福特”号,今日(22日)正式投入服役。
这艘被誉为最新武器和科技兼备的超强航母,耗资约130亿美元(约880亿人民币),“福特”号不仅是美国海军提出新一代航母概念40年来首艘下水服役的核动力航母,未来更将作为主力战舰来逐步替代现役的尼米兹级核动力航母。
耗资130亿美元的“福特”号航母将配备2600名船员,这比“尼米兹”号航母少600人。“福特”号不少工作都已实现自动化,且具备先进的电磁弹射系统,另外有轻触式导航屏幕,基本上可自行驾驶。“福特”号航母最大的特点,是它的飞行甲板总长度远比其他航母更长,达到335公尺,有如海上巨兽,改善了航空母舰的机动性;而舰岛位置经重新调整后,有助于提升能见度。
俯瞰拥有加长型飞行甲板的福特号航母。(图/美国海军)
2008年尼米兹级的“布什”号航母完工后,美军正式推出第三代“福特”级核动力航空母舰计划,有意在2058年以前完工十艘新舰,逐步取代尼米兹级。目前除了“福特”号外,另有两艘已定名的同级航母:“福特”级航母的第二艘“约翰.肯尼迪”号已经完工50%。而第三艘“企业号”将于2018年开建。其中已在兴建中的“肯尼迪”号,是继承美国最后一艘传统动力航母,小鹰级航空母舰,“约翰·F·肯尼迪”号之名,该舰预计在2020年下水服役,取代“尼米兹”号。宽广的飞行甲板,让“福特”号航母能停放75至90架舰载机,包含F-35C战机(F-35C LightningII)、F-18“超级大黄蜂”(F/A-18E/F SuperHornet)等战机。
可惜的是,“福特”号在最终测试阶段,却屡传失败的消息,就连关乎舰上舰载机起降安全的新型电磁飞机弹射器(EMALS)与先进拦截索(AAG)测试,都发生上百次的责任故障,比预期标准高出5倍之多。电磁弹射器,是美军用来取代过往航母使用的蒸汽弹射器的新科技,使用原理犹如磁浮列车,由一台线性马达主导,不仅能省下大量的淡水,也能弹射更重型的战机。(综编/海外网李方及)
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