From my understanding, not setting a fee just makes your transaction slower. Your transfer isn't lost or stuck, it should just take a while until you get it confirmed.
The bitcoin folder should be around 250MB right now with the complete blockchain. Also remember than until you don't have the entire chain, you won't get any confirmations. So leave it running until it's up to date. Right now, there are about 133996 blocks which need to be processed by your computer.
For a test, you can always transfer those Bitcoins to my address