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单病种收费,是治疗过度医疗的良方
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Topic: 单病种收费,是治疗过度医疗的良方 (Read 108 times)
wanglili1983
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单病种收费,是治疗过度医疗的良方
January 03, 2018, 02:05:30 AM
#1
近日,浙江省物价局、省卫生计生委、省人力社保厅联合发文,《关于试行按病种收费有关问题的通知》,决定在浙江公立医院试行按病种收费改革。这看似一个普普通通的文件,如果你稍不注意,就会被其他文件所淹没。但对医疗业内人士或者关注医疗改革的人来说,意义重大。这个文件意味着中国医院几十年未变的收费模式终于要发生爆炸性改变了,这个改变和你我每一个人休戚相关;这个文件意味着浙江的医改终于迈出了实质性的一步,正式踏入医改的深水区,正在触动“某些既得利益者的奶酪”。这个政策能否得到贯彻执行,从某种意义来讲,是决定医改能否成功的一颗重要棋子。
我们传统的医疗收费模式是按照服务项目收费,医院给你提供了多少服务,你就得付多少钱。比如,你做个心电图,就付心电图的钱,你做个B超,就付B超的钱,按医院提供的服务项目收费,表面看起来非常公平,但实则有非常大的隐患,其最大隐患就是某些医院为了追求经济效益而导致过度医疗。
如果我们到饭店去吃饭,点了三菜一汤,当然得付三菜一汤的钱,但医院和饭店最大的区别是:在饭店里我们完全按照自己的胃口点不同花色、不同量的菜,菜点多了也主要是自己的责任,并且真的点多了,还可以打包回家。而在医院里,尽管现代医疗主张“知情同意”,告诉你病情和治疗方案,医生会给患者提供建议,最后治疗方案由病人“自己”选择。但病人或者家属由于专业知识和信息的不对称,或者病人出于对医生的充分信赖,几乎所有的病人最后都会按照医生的建议确定自己的治疗方案。医院不是饭店,病人也不是顾客,医务人员更不是饭店服务人员,如果还是按照饭店消费那套“按菜收费”,造成的医疗费用的浪费,由谁负责呢?过度治疗对病人造成的损失由谁来买单呢?浪费的医疗资源能打包回家下次用吗?
单病种收费模式是抵制过度治疗,提高医疗质量的一剂良药。单病种收费就是按照每个疾病的诊断,评估出治疗这个疾病大约需要多少费用,然后统一打包给医疗单位。从而既避免了医疗单位滥用医疗服务项目、重复项目和分解项目,防止医院小病大治,又保证了医疗服务质量。通俗说,单病种收费就好比顾客到饭店里吃饭,事先告诉饭店老板,我只有100元钱,你今天中餐必须给我吃饱,还必须保证基本营养和卫生,怎么安排是你饭店的事情。比如,急性阑尾炎,医保规定最多支付13200元,如果医疗费用超出了这个额度,对不起,超出部分医院自己承担。如果医疗费用只花了10000元,那么医院就多积余3200元。医院考虑到经济效益,只能提高医疗质量,减少过度医疗,注意早期康复,防止切开感染,要病人早些痊愈出院等等。自从美国实行单病种付费取得成功后,世界上很多国家也纷纷实行了单病种收费,诸如日本、德国、英国等等。可以这样说,医疗按病种收费,是国际上控制医疗费用不合理增长、减轻患者负担的通用重要手段。
单病种付费,可能会“动了很多人的奶酪”,比如某些诊疗水平不高的医院,某些医疗仪器设备(尤其一次性设备)提供商,某些检测试剂厂家,某些药品企业,一定会有很多阻力。所以对单病种收费这个政策,很多人(包括那些利益集团)可能会提出种种顾虑阻挠,比如:一些复杂疑难疾病以后医院会不会推诿呢?医院为了省钱会不会在医疗上“缺斤少两”而影响疗效呢?比如会不会病还没有好医院就会要病人出院呢?又比如医院会不会为了赚钱,而“无中生有”多填几个疾病的诊断呢?但应始终记住,医疗不是产业,医疗产生的GDP是以广大人民群众的健康为代价的,“不忘初心”,公立医院的初心就是维护广大人民群众健康,使患者有更多的幸福感、获得感、安全感。
一项制度政策的出台,不可能是十全十美的。尽管政府行政部门对上述顾虑已经做了充分准备,并且在细则上予以补充,在具体实行中肯定还会碰到这样或那样的问题,但这些问题也只能在实践中予以完善。我们不必担心,让子弹飞一会儿,或者是给理想一点时间。我们有充分理由期待单病种收费这个政策,能在促使医疗单位切实提高医疗质量,减少过度医疗,杜绝医保浪费,维护群众健康,发挥公立医院公益性等方面发挥重大作用。
为公立医院即将实行的单病种收费打CALL
yangshenglu
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Activity: 161
Merit: 16
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Re: 单病种收费,是治疗过度医疗的良方
January 03, 2018, 02:14:11 AM
#2
现实要真是这样就最好不过了,寻常拉肚子大夫居然让去拍片子,可笑之极。还不能不去
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